Features of a clinical course of the acute respiratory diseases caused by adenoviruses of epidemic significant serotypes

The objective: To investigate etiological structure of adenoviral diseases in young people from organized groups and the clinical features of acute respiratory disease caused by different serotypes of adenovirus were identified.

Materials and methods: A total 382 patients with adenovirus
infections were investigated. Virus isolation from nasopharyngeal swabs was carried out in cell cultures Vero, HeLa, Hep-2. Typing of adenoviruses was performed by virus neutralization test with polyclonal rabbit subtype specific sera. The average (M), standard deviation (SD) and frequency of occurrence (%) of clinical signs (respiratory and non-respiratory syndromes of pneumonia, protracted and recurrent course was calculated. Significance of the differences (p<0,05) of average frequency of cases compared to independent group of patients was evaluated by Student t-test and criterion φ2 (phi – square) Fischer, respectively.

Results: As result of investigation 199 adenovirus strains (52,1 %) were isolated. 183 strains were serotyped: 64 (32,2 %) – 3 serotype, 42 (21,1 %) – 4 serotype, 38 (19,1 %) – 7 serotype, 15 (7,5 %) – 5 serotype, 11 (5,5 %) – 21 serotype, 8 (4,0 %) – 1 serotype, 3 (1,5 %) – 2 serotype, 2 (1,0 %) – 6 serotype. In assessing the features of the clinical course of adenoviral infection caused by the most actual serotypes (3, 4, 7) of adenovirus revealed that duration of diseases caused by serotype 7 was significantly longer and remained febrile fever (4,3±2,74 days, p<0,05), rhinitis (9,4±6,01 days, p<0,05), pharyngitis (7,9±2,87 days, p<0,05), laryngitis (7,3±2,87 days, p<0,05) and bronchitis (11,8±8,03 days, p<0,05), tonsillitis (63,0%, φ2=12,6, p<0,05), lymphadenopathy (63,0%, φ2=4,1, p<0,05), and pneumonia (34,2%, φ2=3,84, p<0,05) were registered significantly more frequently.

Conclusion: The study showed that the adenoviruses of 3, 4 and 7 serotype have the greatest epidemiological significance. Clinical features of adenoviral diseases caused by 7 serotype were manifested in more frequent registration of non-respiratory syndromes and the development of pneumonia.

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