HIV-infection in the South Ural region of Russia at the present stage: the analysis of the epidemiological situation and new approaches to evaluating the effectiveness of the response to the epidemic

Abstract

The unsuccessful epidemiological situation on HIV infection with negative tendencies is observed in Chelyabinsk region (1034,1 on 100 thousand population). The big difference between estimated quantity of people living with HIV and the registered number of HIV-positive people increase (for 59,7% – in 2012, for 60,2% – in 2013, for 61,1% – in 2014). The cascade model of levels of medical care of people living with HIV of Chelyabinsk region is used in thearticle. Main «losses» of people living with HIV are noted at the following stages of the cascade in Chelyabinsk region: «HIV infection – Detection of HIV (-61,1%) With»; «Detection of HIV – statement on the dispensary account (-22,4%)»; «Medical examination – needs in the ART (-71,1%)». The cascade of delivery of health care in Chelyabinsk region is distinguished from data on the Russian Federation with big percent of losses (-32,7%) at the stage «receiving the ART-epidemiologically safe level of virus loading». Leaving of the patient from everyone «cascade steps» of delivery of health care reflect problems in the organization of medical care. Transition of epidemic from groups of risk in the general population, its feminization and generalization demands optimization of strategy of counteraction of epidemic of HIV infection. The cascade model reflecting «profile» of the organization of medical care in a period can be effectively used as an independent element of an information and analytical subsystem of epidemic supervision of HIV infection in regions of the Russian Federation.