Sarcopenia in people living with HIV: pathogenesis, diagnosis, clinical stratification and therapy (literature review)
https://doi.org/10.22625/2072-6732-2026-18-2-42-52
Abstract
Sarcopenia in people living with the human immunodeficiency virus is gradually gaining clinical significance in its own right against the background of increasing life expectancy and aging patient chores. The review examines the prevalence and risk factors for decreased muscle mass and strength in people infected with the human immunodeficiency virus, including the impact of chronic immunoactivation, metabolic disorders, comorbidities, and antiretroviral therapy. data on the role of inflammation, myosteatosis, kynurenin pathway, musculoskeletal axis disorders and environmental factors. Special attention is paid to the current diagnostic approaches, adaptation of the logic of the European Group on Sarcopenia in the Elderly of the second revision, taking into account the characteristic features of phenotypes associated with the human immunodeficiency virus. Information on clinical manifestations of sarcopenic obesity, osteosarcopenia and the combination of sarcopenia with fragility are given. Modern methods of correction are analyzed: training programs, nutritional interventions, organizational management models and possible pharmacological approaches. The data reflecting the current tasks for Russian clinical practice are presented.
About the Authors
Z. A. Khokhlova
Novokuznetsk State Institute for Advanced Medical Studies – the branch office of Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education; Kemerovo State Medical University
Russian Federation
Competing Interests:
Russian Federation
Novokuznetsk, Kemerovo
Competing Interests:
none
I. I. Selin
Kemerovo State Medical University
Russian Federation
Competing Interests:
Russian Federation
Kemerovo
Competing Interests:
none
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Review
For citations:
Khokhlova Z.A., Selin I.I. Sarcopenia in people living with HIV: pathogenesis, diagnosis, clinical stratification and therapy (literature review). Journal Infectology. 2026;18(2):42-52. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.22625/2072-6732-2026-18-2-42-52
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