Epidemiological manifestations of hiv infection in the female population in the territory of the Siberian federal district

The aim of this study was to provide an epidemiological characteristics of HIV infection spread among female population of the Siberian Federal District (SFD).

Materials and methods. The study was conducted on the territory of the constituent entities of the Siberian Federal District for the observation period from 2009 to 2023. The material for the study was the data from federal statistical observation forms No. 2, No. 61, No. 4 from all ten constituent entities of the SFD. The traditional algorithm of descriptive and evaluative observational epidemiological study was used.

Results. A total of 105,110 women (the average long-term rate was 75.4 cases per 100 thousand female population) were diagnosed with HIV in the Siberian Federal District from 2009 to 2023. A change in the trend of the epidemic process of HIV infection in the female population was observed – the period of growth and stabilization of incidence at a high level was followed by a trend towards a decrease in incidence since 2019. A 1.3-fold increase (from 34,8% in 2009 to 46,0% in 2023) in the proportion of women among new cases of HIV infection was noted alongside the decrease of the incidence of HIV infection in women in the Siberian Federal District. The share of heterosexual route of transmission of HIV among females increased to 81,6% cases. The age structure of newly diagnosed cases of HIV in women was characterized by an increase in the proportion of the age group over 35 years. The proportion of women of reproductive age among HIV cases decreased from 95,6% in 2009 to 80,9% in 2023. The decrease in the number of HIV-infected pregnant women and HIV detection rate in pregnant women to 1,16 cases per 1000 examined were noted.

Conclusion. The Siberian Federal District was characterized by a complicated epidemiological situation. Feminization of the HIV epidemic in modern conditions requires the revision of approaches to the implementation of the strategy of counteracting HIV infection at the regional level along with strengthening of preventive programs and measures that could prevent the spread of infection.

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