Risk of COVID-19 in newborns depending on the infection course in the mother
https://doi.org/10.22625/2072-6732-2022-14-1-105-110
Abstract
The incidence of the new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) remains a global problem worldwide. However, the effect of COVID-19 on the course of pregnancy and the possibility of intrauterine infection are insufficiently investigated. Recent studies suggest the possibility of a transplacental transmission of infection caused by SARS-CoV-2.
Goal: To analyze SARS-Cov-2 RNA detection cases in newborns and to study possible factors influencing the infection of newborns from mothers with COVID-19.
Materials and methods. From March to August 2020, there were 64 births to women with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 at the Botkin’s Infection Disease Hospital. In 15 newborns, the diagnosis of COVID-19 was laboratory confirmed. In this study, the histories of 14 newborns and their mothers were analyzed retrospectively. The diagnosis of COVID-19 was based on the detection of SARS-Cov-2 RNA in a nasopharyngeal swab or in fecal samples.
Results. Analysis of the histories of mothers showed that 4 (28.6%) patients had an asymptomatic disease. Three (21.4%) women had a severe course of COVID-19, 7 (50%) patients had a course of moderate severity. Fetal hypoxia was more common in women with severe or moderate course of COVID-19. In 6 (42.7%) newborns, a positive nasopharyngeal swab was obtained within 48 hours after birth. None of the women whose children were RNA-positive in the first two days had a severe form of the disease, and two patients had an asymptomatic disease.
Conclusion.
1. The frequency of detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in newborns from mothers with COVID-19 (under mother-child separation) was 21.9%.
2. Infection of a newborn with SARS-CoV-2 is possible both with a severe course of the disease in the mother and with an asymptomatic course.
3. A caesarean section does not exclude the possibility of a newborn infection with SARS-CoV-2.
4. In newborns, in most cases, an asymptomatic course of COVID-19 is observed.
About the Authors
M. A. Belopolskaya
Clinical Infectious Diseases Hospital named after S.P. Botkin;
Institute of Experimental Medicine
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Saint-Petersburg
A. I. Gareeva
Clinical Infectious Diseases Hospital named after S.P. Botkin
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Saint-Petersburg
V. Yu. Avrutin
Institute for Systems Theory
Germany
Germany
Stuttgart
A. V. Dmitriev
Institute of Experimental Medicine
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Saint-Petersburg
D. A. Gusev
Clinical Infectious Diseases Hospital named after S.P. Botkin
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Saint-Petersburg
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Review
For citations:
Belopolskaya M.A., Gareeva A.I., Avrutin V.Yu., Dmitriev A.V., Gusev D.A. Risk of COVID-19 in newborns depending on the infection course in the mother. Journal Infectology. 2022;14(1):105-110. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.22625/2072-6732-2022-14-1-105-110
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