Comparative evaluation of the effectiveness of immunomodulatory therapy for infectious mononucleosis of mixed etiology (Epstein Barr and cytomegalovirus) in children

Objective: to conduct a comparative assessment of the effectiveness of immunomodulatory drugs in infectious mononucleosis of mixed etiology (EBV and CMV) in children, using the principles of evidence-based medicine.

Materials and methods: a comprehensive comparative assessment of the effectiveness of immunomodulatory drugs in children with infectious mononucleosis EBV+CMV-etiology in 3 groups: group I-20 patients receiving recombinant interferon α-2β, group II-20 children receiving interferon – meglumin inducer acridonacetate and group III-20 children treated with a synthetic immunomodulator-inosin pranobex. The comparison group (IV) consisted of 20 children who received basic therapy.

Results: Analysis of key intervention indicators for the outcome «fever Duration less than 5 days» showed the highest effectiveness of recombinant interferon α-2β, less effective were meglumina  acridonacetate and inosine pranobex. According to the outcomes «Reduction of lymph nodes by 2 or more times» and «Reduction of the liver and spleen by 2 or more times», data on the advantage of meglumin acridonacetate were obtained. The recombinant interferon α-2β was the second most effective. All the studied drugs do not
significantly affect the severity of the hematological syndrome. The expediency of using immunomodulatory therapy in infectious mononucleosis of EBV+CMV-etiology is shown, the deviation from the norm of the integral outcome indicator is significantly higher in the group of children who were on symptomatic therapy. The overall effectiveness of the studied immunomodulatory drugs with all clinical outcomes does not have statistically significant differences.

Conclusion: the obtained data allow us to rationally approach the choice of immunomodulatory therapy, taking into account the effectiveness of clinical outcomes and the overall effectiveness of the drug.

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