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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">jofin</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Журнал инфектологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal Infectology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-6732</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IPO “АIDSSPbR"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22625/2072-6732-2017-9-2-23-28</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">jofin-595</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Research</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА МИКРОБИОТЫ КИШЕЧНИКА ДЕТЕЙ ПЕРВОГО ГОДА ЖИЗНИ ПО ДАННЫМ СЕКВЕНИРОВАНИя ГЕНА 16S РИБОСОМАЛЬНОЙ РНК</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Characteristics of intestinal microbiota of infants according to data of sequencing of the 16s RRNA gene</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гончар</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gonchar</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>и.о. руководителя отдела кишечных инфекций, старший научный сотрудник;</p><p>профессор кафедры педиатрии и неонатологии, д.м.н.,</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Saint-Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nvgonchar@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бабаченко</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Babachenko</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>руководитель отдела респираторных (капельных) инфекций, ведущий научный сотрудник,</p><p>доцент кафедры инфекционных болезней у детей ФП и ДПО, д.м.н.,</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Saint-Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">babachenko-doc@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гостев</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gostev</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>научный сотрудник отдела молекулярной микробиологии и эпидемиологии, к.б.н.,</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Saint-Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">guestvv11@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ибрагимова</surname><given-names>О. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ibragimova</surname><given-names>O. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>младший научный сотрудник отдела респираторных (капельных) инфекций, к.м.н.,</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Saint-Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ole_sya_ibr@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Детский научно-клинический центр инфекционных болезней;&#13;
Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет им. И.И. Мечникова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pediatric Research and Clinical Center for Infectious Diseases;&#13;
North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Детский научно-клинический центр инфекционных болезней;&#13;
Санкт-Петербургский государственный педиатрический медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pediatric Research and Clinical Center for Infectious Diseases;&#13;
Saint-Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Детский научно-клинический центр инфекционных болезней</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pediatric Research and Clinical Center for Infectious Diseases</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>06</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>9</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>23</fpage><lpage>28</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гончар Н.В., Бабаченко И.В., Гостев В.В., Ибрагимова О.М., 2017</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гончар Н.В., Бабаченко И.В., Гостев В.В., Ибрагимова О.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gonchar N.V., Babachenko I.V., Gostev V.V., Ibragimova O.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.niidi.ru/jofin/article/view/595">https://journal.niidi.ru/jofin/article/view/595</self-uri><abstract><p>В работе представлены результаты однократного исследования микробиоты кишечника у здоровых детей первого года жизни. Проведено исследование 11 образцов фекалий, с последующим таргетным секвенированием амплифицированных участков гена 16S рРНК на платформе Miseq (Illumina, США), согласно стандартным протоколам. Суммарно было идентифицировано 600 уникальных OTU (operation taxonomic units), сгруппированных в 7 бактериальных фил (Phylum). На каждый образец приходилось в среднем 190±80 OTU на уровне видов и родов. Установлено доминирование грамположительных анаэробных бактерий (71±23%). Количественное распределение фил было следующим: фила Firmicutes – 43±15% (представлены Clostridium spp., Blautia spp., Lactobacillus spp., Enterococcus spp. и Veillonella spp.), фила Actinobacteria – 38±10% (из кото- рой более 90% OTU были представлены Bifidobacterium spp.) и фила Proteobacteria – 15±8% (представленные семейством Enterobacteriaceae). Представители филы Bacteroidetes были идентифицированы (7–15%) только в трех из одиннадцати образцов. Все образцы характеризовались низким видовым разнообразием, индекс Шеннона и критерий α-разнообразия были в диапазонах 1,5–4,2 и 3–20 соответственно. У детей, находящихся на грудном вскармливании, отмечено более высокое количество представителей Proteobacteria по сравнению с детьми на искусственном вскармливании. Отмечено влияние неблагоприятных факторов течения беременности матерей (прием антибиотиков, респираторная инфекция) на состав микробиоты кишечника детей, что отражалось в доминировании Klebsiella pneumoniae в одном случае и доминировании Enterococcus durans в другом.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article presents the results of a single study the intestinal microbiota of healthy infants. Study was performed 11 fecal samples, followed by targeted sequencing the amplified sites on the 16S rRNA gene Miseq platform (Illumina, USA), according to standard protocols. Total 600 unique OTU (operation taxonomic units), grouped into 7 bacterial phyla (Phylum) have been identified. Each sample had an average of 190±80 OTU at the species level. Established predominance of gram-positive anaerobic bacteria (71±23%). Quantitative phylum distribution was as follows: phylum Firmicutes – 43±15% (represented by Clostridium spp., Blautia spp., Lactobacillus spp., Enterococcus spp. and Veillonella spp.), The phylum Actinobacteria – 38±10% (of which more than 90% the OTU were represented Bifidobacterium spp.) and the phylum Proteobacteria – 15±8% (represented by the family Enterobacteriaceae). Representatives of phylum Bacteroidetes been identified (7–15%) in only three of eleven samples. All samples characterized by low species diversity, Shannon index and criterion α-diversity were in the range of 1,5–4,2, and 3–20, respectively. Children who are breastfed, observed a higher number of representatives of Proteobacteria, compared with children on artificial feeding. Noted the influence of adverse factors of pregnancy mothers (antibiotics, respiratory infection) on the composition of the intestinal microbiota of children, which reflected in the dominance of Klebsiella pneumoniae in one case, and the dominance of Enterococcus durans otherwise.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>микробиота</kwd><kwd>кишечник</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>16S рРНК секвенирование</kwd><kwd>Firmicutes</kwd><kwd>Actinobacteria</kwd><kwd>Proteobacteria</kwd><kwd>Bifidobacterium</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>microbiota</kwd><kwd>gut</kwd><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>16S rRNA sequencing</kwd><kwd>Firmicutes</kwd><kwd>Actinobacteria</kwd><kwd>Proteobacteria</kwd><kwd>Bifidobacterium</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Turroni F, Foroni E, Pizzetti P, Giubellini V, Ribbera A, Merusi P, Cagnasso P, Bizzarri B, de›Angelis GL, Shanahan F et al: Exploring the diversity of the bifidobacterial population in the human intestinal tract. 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