jofinЖурнал инфектологииJournal Infectology2072-6732IPO “АIDSSPbR"10.22625/2072-6732-2017-9-1-47-54jofin-561Research ArticleОбзорReviewМОЛЕКУЛЯРНО-ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКИЕ И ИММУНОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ АСПЕКТЫ ИНВАЗИВНОГО АСПЕРГИЛЛЕЗАMOLECULAR GENETIC AND IMMUNOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF INVASIVE ASPERGILLOSISШадривоваО. В.ShadrivovaO. V.

Saint-Petersburg

olshadr@mail.ruФроловаЕ. В.FrolovaE. V.

Saint-Petersburg

labimmune@yandex.ruТараскинаА. Е.TaraskinaA. Е.

Saint-Petersburg

ataraskina@mail.ruКлимкоН. Н.KlimkoN. N.

Saint-Petersburg

n_klimko@mail.ruСеверо-Западный государственный медицинский университет им. И.И. МечниковаРоссияNorth-Western State Medical University named after I.I. MechnikovRussian Federation201705042017914754Copyright © Шадривова О.В., Фролова Е.В., Тараскина А.Е., Климко Н.Н., 20172017Шадривова О.В., Фролова Е.В., Тараскина А.Е., Климко Н.Н.Shadrivova O.V., Frolova E.V., Taraskina A.Е., Klimko N.N.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://journal.niidi.ru/jofin/article/view/561

Грибы рода Aspergillus чрезвычайно широко распространены в природе. Ежедневно люди вдыхают до нескольких тысяч спор микромицетов, однако эффективный иммунный ответ предотвращает развитие заболевания. При нарушении механизмов врожденного и адаптивного иммунного ответа в результате генетических дефектов или ятрогенной иммуносупрессии Aspergillus spp. становятся патогенными и способны вызывать тяжелые инвазивные инфекции у иммуноскомпрометированных больных. Тем не менее, в настоящее время не существует надежных биомаркеров, позволяющих прогнозировать риск развития инвазивного аспергиллеза. В обзоре представлены наиболее важные генетические и иммунологические факторы, влияющие на восприимчивость к Aspergillus spp. Знание этих факторов может обеспечить индивидуальный подход к противогрибковой профилактике и терапии у иммуноскомпрометированных пациентов.

Aspergillus is very widely spread in nature. Daily people inhale to several thousand spores of micromycetes, however, an effective immune response prevents to development of the disease. In case of violation the mechanisms of innate and adaptive immune response as a result of genetic defects or iatrogenic immunosuppression Aspergillus spp. become pathogenic and can cause severe invasive infections in immunocompromised patients. Until now there are no reliable biomarkers for the risk prediction of invasive aspergillosis and monitoring the effectiveness of treatment of infectious process. In our review, we are considering the most important genetic and immunological factors affecting susceptibility to Aspergillus spp., The analysis of which can provide an individual approach to antifungal therapy / prevention in immunocompromised patients.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.