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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">jofin</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Журнал инфектологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal Infectology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-6732</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IPO “АIDSSPbR"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22625/2072-6732-2015-7-3-44-50</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">jofin-420</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Research</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКИЕ ВАРИАНТЫ ВИРУСА ГЕПАТИТА В У ПАЦИЕНТОВ С ХРОНИЧЕСКИМ ГЕПАТИТОМ В</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Genetic variants of hepatitis B virus in patients with chronic hepatitis B</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Елпаева</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Elpaeva</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>научный сотрудник лаборатории молекулярной вирусологии и генной инженерии Научно-исследовательского институт гриппа; тел.: +7-921-584-76-90, 8(812)499-15-20</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">elpaeva@influenza.spb.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никитина</surname><given-names>О. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikitina</surname><given-names>O. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>старший научный сотрудник отделения экспериментальных научных исследований Научно-исследовательского института гриппа, к.м.н.; тел.: 8(812)499-15-48</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nikitina@influenza.spb.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Писарева</surname><given-names>М. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pisareva</surname><given-names>M. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории молекулярной вирусологии и генной инженерии Научно-исследовательского института гриппа, к.б.н.; тел.: 8(812)499-15-20</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pisareva@influenza.spb.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шилова</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shilova</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>научный сотрудник отдела вирусных гепатитов и заболеваний печени Научно-исследовательского института детских инфекций, к.м.н., тел.: 8(812)234-34-16,</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">babuin2004@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Грешнякова</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Greshnjakova</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>младший научный сотрудник отдела вирусных гепатитов и заболеваний печени Научно-исследовательского института детских инфекций, тел.: 8(812)234-34-16</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">veramamayva@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Грудинин</surname><given-names>М. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grudinin</surname><given-names>M. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>заведующий лабораторией молекулярной вирусологии и генной инженерии, заместитель директора по науке и развитию Научно-исследовательского института гриппа, к.б.н.; тел.: 8(812)499-15-20</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">grudinin@influenza.spb.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Киселев</surname><given-names>О. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kiselev</surname><given-names>O. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>директор Научно-исследовательского института гриппа, д.б.н., профессор, академик РАН; тел.: (812)4991500</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">office@influenza.spb.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт гриппа, Санкт-Петербург, Россия</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Science Research Institute of Influenza, Saint-Petersburg, Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт детских инфекций, Санкт-Петербург, Россия</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Science Research Institute of Children’s Infections, Saint-Petersburg, Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>11</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>7</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>44</fpage><lpage>50</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Елпаева Е.А., Никитина О.Е., Писарева М.М., Шилова И.В., Грешнякова В.А., Грудинин М.П., Киселев О.И., 2015</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Елпаева Е.А., Никитина О.Е., Писарева М.М., Шилова И.В., Грешнякова В.А., Грудинин М.П., Киселев О.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Elpaeva E.A., Nikitina O.E., Pisareva M.M., Shilova I.V., Greshnjakova V.A., Grudinin M.P., Kiselev O.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.niidi.ru/jofin/article/view/420">https://journal.niidi.ru/jofin/article/view/420</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Биологические свойства вируса, такие как чувствительность к противовирусным препаратам, клиническое течение хронического гепатита В (ХГВ), вероятность развития цирроза и гепатоцеллюлярной карциномы определяются генотипом и мутациями в геноме вируса гепатита В (ВГВ).</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Изучение генетических вариантов ВГВ у пациентов с ХГВ, находящихся на лечении в клиниках Санкт- Петербурга.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Обследовано 1414 пациентов с ХГВ на наличие ВГВ в крови и/или ткани печени методом полимеразной цепной реакции. Генотип определен у 298 пациентов, секвенирование фрагмента гена полимеразы – у 80 пациентов.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Вирусная ДНК выявлена у 323 (55,8%) больных ХГВ. Генотип D обнаружен у 238 (80,1%), генотип А – у 49 (16,5%), генотип С– у 2 (0,7%) и микст D+А – у 8 (2,7%) пациентов. У 4 пациентов были выявлены замены в YMDD-мотиве полимеразы (M204I/V), а также найдены другие первичные и вторичные мутации устойчивости к аналогам нуклеотидов (ламивудину, телбивудину, энтекавиру). Показано, что мутации в области обратной транскиптазы (rt) полимеразного гена влияют и на поверхностный белок. У трех пациентов замена rtA181T привела к образованию стоп-кодона в S-гене и преждевременной терминации синтеза поверхностного белка (sW172*). Отсутствие HBeAg и увеличение степени фиброза у 7 пациентов может быть следствием выявленных мутаций в CORE гене (G1896A, A1762T, G1764A).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Исследование географического распределения генотипов вируса гепатита В и выявление аминокислотных замен, приводящих к снижению концентрации серологических маркеров и появлению мутаций устойчивости к противовирусным препаратам, имеет важное практическое значение для прогнозирования тяжести течения заболевания и эффективности противовирусной терапии.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Biological properties of virus, such as susceptibility to antivirals, the clinical course of chronic hepatitis B (CHB), the probability of developing cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma are determined by genotype and mutations in the genome of the hepatitis B virus (HBV).</p><p>The aim of the study was evaluating of HBV genetic variants in patients with CHB from St. Petersburg hospitals.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. A total of 1414 CHB patients with positive polymerase chain reaction HBV genome in blood and/or liver tissue were observed. Genotype was determined in 298 patients, sequencing of the polymerase gene fragment was performed in 80 patients.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Viral DNA was detected in 323 (55.8%) patients with CHB. Genotype D was determined in 238 (80,1%), genotype A – in 49 (16,5%), C genotype – in 2 (0,7%) and mixed A+D – in 8 (2,7%) patients. Substitutions in YMDD-motif of the polymerase protein (M204I/V) as well as other primary and secondary resistance mutations to nucleotide analogues (lamivudine, telbivudine, entecavir) were found in four patients. Mutations in the reverse transcriptase (rt) region of polymerase gene were shown to affect the structure of surface protein. The substitution rtA181T in three patients resulted in formation of stop codon (sW172*) and premature termination of surface protein synthesis. The absence of HBeAg and the degree of fibrosis increase in 7 patients may be the result of mutations identified in core gene (G1896A, A1762T, G1764A).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Study of the geographical distribution of HBV genotypes and identification of amino acid substitutions leading to decrease in serum markers concentration and emergence of resistance antivirals mutations is of great practical importance for predicting severity of the disease and effectiveness of antiviral therapy.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>вирус гепатита В</kwd><kwd>генотипы</kwd><kwd>мутации</kwd><kwd>хронический гепатит В</kwd><kwd>секвенирование</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>hepatitis B virus</kwd><kwd>genotypes</kwd><kwd>mutations</kwd><kwd>chronic hepatitis B</kwd><kwd>sequencing</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gerlich W.H. Medical virology of hepatitis B: how it began and where we are now. Virol J. 2013 Jul 20; 10:239.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gerlich W.H. 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