<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">jofin</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Журнал инфектологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal Infectology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-6732</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IPO “АIDSSPbR"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22625/2072-6732-2026-18-2-135-142</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">jofin-1998</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНОЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Клинико-эпидемиологические особенности острых респираторных инфекций верхних дыхательных путей в организованных коллективах</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of acute upper respiratory tract infections in organized collectives</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Прокопенко</surname><given-names>С. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Prokopenko</surname><given-names>S. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Прокопенко Сергей Митрофанович – заведующий медицинской лабораторией (учебной, особо опасных инфекций) – врач-инфекционист кафедры (общей и военной эпидемиологии).</p><p>Санкт-Петербург; тел.: +7-911-953-76-45</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">psm51@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузин</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuzin</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кузин Александр Александрович – начальник кафедры (общей и военной эпидемиологии), д.м.н., профессор, член-корреспондент РАН.</p><p>Санкт-Петербург; тел.: 8(812)329-71-77</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">paster-spb@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зобов</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zobov</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зобов Андрей Евгеньевич – преподаватель кафедры (общей и военной эпидемиологии), к.м.н., доцент.</p><p>Санкт-Петербург; тел.: +7-950-031-84-26</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dr.andrey98@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бузицкая</surname><given-names>Ж. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Buzitskaya</surname><given-names>Zh. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бузицкая Жанна Валерьевна – старший научный сотрудник лаборатории векторных вакцин, к.б.н.</p><p>Санкт-Петербург; тел.: 8(812)499-15-21</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">janna.buzitskaya@influenza.spb.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ерофеева</surname><given-names>М. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Erofeeva</surname><given-names>M. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ерофеева Мариана Константиновна – руководитель лаборатории испытаний новых средств защиты от вирусных инфекций, д.м.н.</p><p>Санкт-Петербург; тел.: 8(812) 499-15-37</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mariana.erofeeva@influenza.spb.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стукова</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stukova</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Стукова Марина Анатольевна – руководитель лаборатории векторных вакцин, к.б.н.</p><p>Санкт-Петербург; тел.: 8(812)499-15-21</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">marina.stukova@influenza.spb.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Матяж</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Matyazh</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Матяж Инга Александровна – начальник медицинской службы.</p><p>Санкт-Петербург; тел.: 8(812)292-34-20</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">epid-zaschita@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ляшенко</surname><given-names>Ю. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lyashenko</surname><given-names>Yu. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ляшенко Юрий Иванович – профессор кафедры инфекционных болезней (с курсом медицинской паразитологии и тропических заболеваний), д.м.н., профессор.</p><p>Санкт-Петербург; тел.: 8(812)292-34-20</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Военно-медицинская академия им. С.М. Кирова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Military Medical Academy named after S.M. Kirov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт гриппа им. А.А. Смородинцева</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Institute of Influenza named after A.A. Smorodintsev</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>135</fpage><lpage>142</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Прокопенко С.М., Кузин А.А., Зобов А.Е., Бузицкая Ж.В., Ерофеева М.К., Стукова М.А., Матяж И.А., Ляшенко Ю.И., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Прокопенко С.М., Кузин А.А., Зобов А.Е., Бузицкая Ж.В., Ерофеева М.К., Стукова М.А., Матяж И.А., Ляшенко Ю.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Prokopenko S.M., Kuzin A.A., Zobov A.E., Buzitskaya Z.V., Erofeeva M.K., Stukova M.A., Matyazh I.A., Lyashenko Y.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.niidi.ru/jofin/article/view/1998">https://journal.niidi.ru/jofin/article/view/1998</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: изучить клинико-эпидемиологические особенности острых респираторных инфекций верхних дыхательных путей у лиц из числа организованного воинского коллектива на начальных этапах его формирования для целей повышения качества противоэпидемической защиты.</p></sec><sec><title>Задачи</title><p>Задачи: определить структуру возбудителей острых респираторных инфекций верхних дыхательных путей, оценить частоту клинических симптомов при различных этиологических вариантах заболевания, провести сравнительный анализ клинических проявлений и предложить клинические ориентиры дифференциальной этиологической диагностики острых респираторных инфекций верхних дыхательных путей на начальных этапах формирования организованного воинского коллектива.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы: проанализированы клинические, эпидемиологические и лабораторные данные 287 пациентов, обратившихся за медицинской помощью по поводу заболевания острых респираторных инфекций верхних дыхательных путей. Этиологию заболевания определяли методом мультиплексной полимеразной цепной реакции и классических бактериологических исследований, по результатам чего были сформированы группы в соответствии с видом выделенных возбудителей. Для каждой группы рассчитаны частоты встречаемости клинических симптомов.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты: 221 случай (77,0%) соответствовал моноинфекциям, 66 (23,0%) – ко-инфекциям. Наиболее частыми возбудителями были риновирус (28,6%) и вирус гриппа B (11,5%). Риновирусная инфекция характеризовалась преобладанием катарального синдрома (ринорея 75,6±4,7%, фарингит 65,9±5,1%) при низкой частоте лихорадки (12,2±3,7%). При заболевании, вызванном гриппом B и аденовирусами, чаще выявлялись лихорадка (36,4±8,8% и 40,0±10,7% соответственно) и кашель (78,8±7,1% и 80,0±8,9% соответственно). Метапневмовирус и респираторно-синцитиальный вирус проявлялись преимущественно кашлем. Сезонные коронавирусы протекали как лёгкие инфекции с ринитом и фарингитом. Инфекция SARS-CoV-2 имела вариабельную клиническую картину без специфических признаков. Заболевания, вызванные бактериальными агентами, характеризовались более выраженными воспалительными проявлениями: Streptococcus pyogenes — типичной ангиной без катаральных симптомов, Staphylococcus aureus — интоксикацией и гнойным компонентом. При ко-инфекциях отмечалось сочетание симптомов.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы: клинические проявления острых респираторных инфекций верхних дыхательных путей у членов организованных коллективов могут характеризоваться определёнными симптомокомплексами, обусловленными этиологией заболевания, что позволяет использовать их для предварительной дифференциальной диагностики в условиях ограниченной лабораторной доступности.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim: to study the clinical and epidemiological features of acute respiratory infections of the upper respiratory tract in individuals from an organized military unit at the initial stages of its formation in order to improve the quality of antiepidemic protection.</p></sec><sec><title>Research objectives</title><p>Research objectives: to determine the structure of the causative agents of ARI of the upper respiratory tract, to assess the frequency of clinical symptoms in various etiological variants of the disease, to conduct a comparative analysis of clinical manifestations, and to propose clinical guidelines for the differential etiological diagnosis of acute respiratory infections of the upper respiratory tract at the initial stages of the formation of an organized military unit.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods: clinical, epidemiological, and laboratory data of 287 patients who sought medical care for upper respiratory tract infections were analyzed. The etiology of the disease was determined using multiplex PCR and classical bacteriological studies, and the results were used to form groups based on the type of isolated pathogens. The frequencies of clinical symptoms were calculated for each group.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results: 221 cases (77.0%) were monoinfections, and 66 cases (23.0%) were co-infections. The most common pathogens were rhinovirus (28.6%) and influenza B virus (11.5%). Rhinovirus infection was characterized by a predominance of catarrhal syndrome (rhinorrhea 75.6±4.7%, pharyngitis 65.9±5.1%) with a low frequency of fever (12.2±3.7%). In cases of influenza B and adenovirus infections, fever (36.4±8.8% and 40.0±10.7%, respectively) and cough (78.8±7.1% and 80.0±8.9%) were more common.</p><p>Metapneumovirus and respiratory syncytial virus were manifested mainly by cough. Seasonal coronaviruses were mild infections with rhinitis and pharyngitis. SARS-CoV-2 infection had a variable clinical picture without specific signs. Diseases caused by bacterial agents were characterized by more pronounced inflammatory manifestations: Streptococcus pyogenes — typical tonsillitis without catarrhal symptoms, Staphylococcus aureus — intoxication and a purulent component. In co-infections, a combination of symptoms was observed.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions: the clinical manifestations of ARI URT in members of organized groups may be characterized by certain symptom complexes, due to the etiology of the disease, which allows them to be used for preliminary differential diagnosis in conditions of limited laboratory availability.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>противоэпидемическая защита</kwd><kwd>острые респираторные инфекции верхних дыхательных путей</kwd><kwd>дифференциальная диагностика</kwd><kwd>клиникоэпидемиологический подход</kwd><kwd>организованные воинские коллективы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>anti-epidemic protection</kwd><kwd>acute respiratory infections of the upper respiratory tract</kwd><kwd>differential diagnosis</kwd><kwd>clinical and epidemiological approach</kwd><kwd>organized military groups</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kunz A.N., Ottolini M. The role of adenovirus in respiratory tract infections // Current Infectious Disease Reports. – 2010. – Т. 12, № 2. – С. 81–87. – DOI: 10.1007/s11908-010-0084-5.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kunz AN, Ottolini M. The role of adenovirus in respiratory tract infections. Curr Infect Dis Rep. 2010;12(2):81–87. doi:10.1007/s11908-010-0084-5.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhang G., Ba L., Liu L. et al. Epidemiological shift and clinical characteristics of rhinovirus genotypes in acute respiratory tract infection cases in Kunming, China, from 2019 to 2023 //frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology. – 2025. – Т. 15. – Art. 1678343. – DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2025.1678343.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhang G, Ba L, Liu L, et al. Epidemiological shift and clinical characteristics of rhinovirus genotypes in acute respiratory tract infection cases in Kunming, China, from 2019 to 2023. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2025;15:1678343. doi:10.3389/fcimb.2025.1678343.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wang L., Wang Y., Ye D., Liu Q. Review of the 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) based on current evidence // International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents. – 2020. – Т. 55, № 6. – Art. 105948. – DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105948.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wang L, Wang Y, Ye D, Liu Q. Review of the 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) based on current evidence. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2020;55(6):105948. doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105948.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rasool G., Khan W.A., Khan A.M. et al. COVID-19: A threat to the respiratory system // International Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology. – 2024. – Т. 38. – DOI: 10.1177/03946320241310307.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rasool G, Khan WA, Khan AM, et al. COVID-19: A threat to the respiratory system. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol. 2024;38:3946320241310307. doi:10.1177/03946320241310307.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nair H., Brooks W.A., Katz M. et al. Global burden of respiratory infections due to seasonal influenza in young children: a systematic review and meta-analysis // The Lancet. – 2011. – Т. 378, № 9807. – С. 1917–1930. – DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(11)61051-9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nair H, Brooks WA, Katz M, et al. Global burden of respiratory infections due to seasonal influenza in young children: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet. 2011;378(9807):1917– 1930. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(11)61051-9.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kim K.R., Park H., Kim D.R., Kim Y.J. Changes in epidemiology of parainfluenza virus and respiratory syncytial virus infection during COVID-19 pandemic in Korea // Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics. – 2022. – Т. 65, № 6. – С. 320–321. – DOI: 10.3345/cep.2021.01823.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kim KR, Park H, Kim DR, Kim YJ. Changes in epidemiology of parainfluenza virus and respiratory syncytial virus infection during coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic in Korea. Clin Exp Pediatr. 2022;65(6):320–321. doi:10.3345/cep.2021.01823.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Panda S., Mohakud N.K., Pena L., Kumar S. Human metapneumovirus: review of an important respiratory pathogen // International Journal of Infectious Diseases. – 2014. – Т. 25. – С. 45–52. – DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2014.03.1394.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Panda S, Mohakud NK, Pena L, Kumar S. Human metapneumovirus: review of an important respiratory pathogen. Int J Infect Dis. 2014;25:45–52. doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2014.03.1394.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kaler J., Hussain A., Patel K. et al. Respiratory syncytial virus: a comprehensive review of transmission, pathophysiology, and manifestation // Cureus. – 2023. – Т. 15, № 3. – Art. e36342. – DOI: 10.7759/cureus.36342.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kaler J, Hussain A, Patel K, et al. Respiratory syncytial virus: a comprehensive review of transmission, pathophysiology, and manifestation. Cureus. 2023;15(3):e36342. doi:10.7759/cureus.36342.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Verheul M.K., Hendriks M., de Melo C.V.B. et al. Clinical and serological characteristics of symptomatic infection with seasonal human coronaviruses OC43, HKU1, NL63, and 229E in community-dwelling older adults //frontiers in Virology. – 2023. – Т. 3. – Art. 1171108. – DOI: 10.3389/fviro.2023.1171108.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Verheul MK, Hendriks M, de Melo CVB, et al. Clinical and serological characteristics of symptomatic infection with seasonal human coronaviruses OC43, HKU1, NL63, and 229E in community-dwelling older adults. Front Virol. 2023;3:1171108. doi:10.3389/fviro.2023.1171108.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zamani S., Dadashi M., Bahonar S. et al. Emerging challenges in Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infections // Advances in Medicine. – 2023. – Art. 7041159. – DOI: 10.1155/2023/7041159.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zamani S, Dadashi M, Bahonar S, et al. Emerging challenges in Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infections: insights from coagulase typing, toxin genes, and antibiotic resistance patterns. Adv Med. 2023;2023:7041159. doi:10.1155/2023/7041159.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Elabbadi A., Voiriot G., Tristan A. et al. Lower respiratory tract infection with Staphylococcus aureus in sickle-cell adult patients // Haematologica. – 2021. – Т. 106, № 12. – С. 3236–3239. – DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2021.278827.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Elabbadi A, Voiriot G, Tristan A, et al. Lower respiratory tract infection with Staphylococcus aureus in sickle-cell adult patients with severe acute chest syndrome. Haematologica. 2021;106(12):3236–3239. doi:10.3324/haematol.2021.278827.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rousogianni E., Perlepe G., Boutlas S. et al. Clinical features and outcomes of viral respiratory infections in adults during the 2023–2024 winter season //scientific Reports. – 2025. – Т. 15. – Art. 35800. – DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-19236-8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rousogianni E, Perlepe G, Boutlas S, et al. Clinical features and outcomes of viral respiratory infections in adults during the 2023–2024 winter season. Sci Rep. 2025;15:35800. doi:10.1038/s41598-025-19236-8.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shi Y.R., Yuan K., Yue L. et al. Clinical characteristics of single human rhinovirus infection and co-infection in children // Translational Pediatrics. – 2025. – Т. 14, № 3. – С. 373–381. – DOI: 10.21037/tp-24-79.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shi YR, Yuan K, Yue L, et al. Clinical characteristics of single human rhinovirus infection and co-infection in the respiratory tract of children. Transl Pediatr. 2025;14(3):373–381. doi:10.21037/tp-24-79.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
