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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">jofin</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Журнал инфектологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal Infectology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-6732</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IPO “АIDSSPbR"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22625/2072-6732-2026-18-1-139-150</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">jofin-1953</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭПИДЕМИОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EPIDEMIOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Роль расширения спектра скрининга донорской крови в профилактике посттрансфузионного гепатита В</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The role of expanding the range of donor blood screening in the prevention of posttransfusion hepatitis B</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Юзлибаева</surname><given-names>Л. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yuzlibaeva</surname><given-names>L. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юзлибаева Лилия Рустемовна – начальник отдела эпидемиологического надзора Управления Федеральной службы по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека по Республике Татарстан; доцент кафедры эпидемиологии и дезинфектологии Казанской государственной медицинской академии – филиала Российской МАНПО, к.м.н.</p><p>Казань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kazan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Yuzlibaeva.LR@tatar.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Патяшина</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Patyashina</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Патяшина Марина Александровна – руководитель Управления Федеральной службы по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека по Республике Татарстан; заведующая кафедрой эпидемиологии и дезинфектологии Казанской ГМА – филиала Российской медицинской академии непрерывного профессионального образования, д.м.н.</p><p>Казань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kazan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Marina.Patyashina@tatar.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ильина</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ilina</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ильина Наталья Викторовна – заведующий эпидемиологическим отделом Республиканского центра крови.</p><p>Казань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kazan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Natalya.Ilina@tatar.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хакимова</surname><given-names>Р. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khakimova</surname><given-names>R. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хакимова Рамзия Ильгизовна – заведующий клинико-диагностической лабораторией Республиканского центра крови.</p><p>Казань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kazan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">DLS.RCK@tatar.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кюрегян</surname><given-names>К. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kyuregyan</surname><given-names>K. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кюрегян Карен Каренович – заведующий лабораторией молекулярной эпидемиологии вирусных гепатитов ЦНИИЭ, д.б.н., профессор РАН.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">karen-kyuregyan@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Михайлов</surname><given-names>М. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mikhailov</surname><given-names>M. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Михайлов Михаил Иванович – главный научный сотрудник лаборатории молекулярной эпидемиологии вирусных гепатитов ЦНИИЭ, д.м.н., профессор, академик РАН.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">michmich2@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Управление Федеральной службы по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека по Республике Татарстан; Казанская государственная медицинская академия – филиал Российской медицинской академии непрерывного профессионального образования</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Department of the Federal service for supervision of consumer protection and human welfare in the Republic of Tatarstan; Kazan State Medical Academy – Branch of the Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Республиканский центр крови</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Republican Blood Center</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Центральный научно-исследовательский институт эпидемиологии</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Central Research Institute of Epidemiology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>139</fpage><lpage>150</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Юзлибаева Л.Р., Патяшина М.А., Ильина Н.В., Хакимова Р.И., Кюрегян К.К., Михайлов М.И., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Юзлибаева Л.Р., Патяшина М.А., Ильина Н.В., Хакимова Р.И., Кюрегян К.К., Михайлов М.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Yuzlibaeva L.R., Patyashina M.A., Ilina N.V., Khakimova R.I., Kyuregyan K.K., Mikhailov M.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.niidi.ru/jofin/article/view/1953">https://journal.niidi.ru/jofin/article/view/1953</self-uri><abstract><p>Законодательной базой Российской Федерации не ограничивается спектр исследований на наличие гемотрансмиссивных инфекций. Определение антител к капсидному белку вируса гепатита В (анти-HBc) в крови доноров позволяет выявлять лиц, потенциально инфицированных вирусом гепатита В, и предупреждать посттрансфузионную инфекцию.</p><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: изучение частоты выявления суммарных анти-HBc и анти-HBc IgM среди доноров для оценки эффективности внедрения тестирования на дополнительные маркеры гепатита В в Республике Татарстан. Материалы и методы: изучена выявляемость HBsAg, анти-HBc суммарных, anti-HBc IgM среди доноров по результатам скрининга в период 2006–2023 г. Среди 490 497 доноров.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты: в начале 1990-х гг. в Республике Татарстан регистрировался высокий уровень заболеваемости гепатитом В, достигая 235,4 на 100 тысяч населения, что в 6 раз выше уровня заболеваемости гепатитом С. При этом доля стертых форм гепатита В составила 81,3%, что определило внедрение дополнительного скрининга доноров крови на анти-НВс. В период с 1994 по 2005 г. среди доноров было выявлено 0,67±0,01% носителей HBsAg с уменьшением в период 2006–2023 гг. до 0,32±0,01%. В 2006–2023 гг. анти-HBc суммарные выявлены у 2,73±0,02% доноров, их доля среди маркеров гепатита В была наибольшей и составила 79%. Анти-HBc IgM выявлены у 0,4%±0,01% доноров (11,6% в структуре маркеров гепатита В). Доля доноров с маркерами гепатита В в период 2006–2023 гг. в связи с тестированием на дополнительные маркеры увеличилась в 5,1 раза.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение: массовая вакцинация населения против гепатита В позволила снизить заболеваемость гепатитом В, что значимо коррелирует со снижением выявляемости маркеров гепатита В среди доноров крови (r=-0,8677, p&lt;0,05). Однако, с учетом наличия большой доли лиц со стертыми и/или скрытыми формами гепатита В, внедрение рутинного скрининга на анти-НВс в службе крови Республики Татарстан является обоснованным решением, направленным на профилактику посттрансфузионного гепатита В.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The legislative framework of the Russian Federation does not limit the range of tests used for detection of blood-borne infections. Screening blood donors for anti-HBc antibodies makes it possible to identify donors with potential HBV infection and prevent the transmission of the virus.</p></sec><sec><title>The purpose of the study</title><p>The purpose of the study: to assess the prevalence of total anti-HBc and anti-HBc IgM among donors to evaluate the effectiveness of testing for additional hepatitis B markers in the Republic of Tatarstan.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The prevalence of HBsAg, total anti-HBc, and anti-HBc IgM among donors was analyzed based on screening results among 490,497 blood donors in 2006-2023.</p></sec><sec><title>The results of the study</title><p>The results of the study. In the early 1990s, the Republic of Tatarstan had a high incidence of hepatitis B, reaching 235.4 per 100,000 population, which is 6 times higher than the incidence of hepatitis C. At the same time, the subclinical forms of hepatitis B amounted to 81.3%, which determined the introduction of additional screening of blood donors for anti-HBc antobodies. In 1994-2005, HBsAg detection rate in donors was 0.67±0.01%, with a decrease in 2006–2023 to 0.32±0.01%. In 2006–2023, total anti-HBc antibodies were detected in 2.73±0.02% of donors, their share among hepatitis B markers identified in donors was the largest and amounted to 79%. Anti-HBc IgM antibodies were detected in 0.4%±0.01% of donors (11.6% among all hepatitis B markers). The proportion of donors with HBV markers increased 5.1 times in 2006–2023 due to testing for additional HBV markers.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion: Universal vaccination against HBV has reduced the incidence of hepatitis B, wich had a significant correlation with decrease in detection rates of HBV markers among donors (r=-0.8677, p&lt;0.05). However, taking into account the presence of a large cohort of persons with subclinical or occult forms of HBV infection, the introduction of routine screening for HBc antibodies in the blood service of the Republic of Tatarstan is a reasonable decision aimed at preventing posttransfusion HBV infection.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гепатит</kwd><kwd>тестирование</kwd><kwd>донорская кровь</kwd><kwd>анти-HBc</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>hepatitis</kwd><kwd>testing</kwd><kwd>donated blood</kwd><kwd>anti-HBc antibodies</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Авторы заявляют об отсутствии внешнего финансирования при проведении исследования</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">ВОЗ бьет тревогу: вирусные гепатиты ежедневно уносят 3500 жизней. // Всемирная организация здравоохранения: официальный сайт. – URL: https://www.who.int/ru/news/item/09-04-2024-who-sounds-alarm-on-viral-hepatitisinfections-claiming-3500-lives-each-day (дата обращения: 19.04.2024).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">WHO sounds alarm: viral hepatitis claims 3,500 lives every day. // World Health Organization: official website. – URL: https://www.who.int/ru/news/item/09-04-2024-who-soundsalarm-on-viral-hepatitis-infections-claiming-3500-lives-each day (accessed: 19.04.2024).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ющук Н.Д., Климова Е.А., Знойко О.О. и др. 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