jofinЖурнал инфектологииJournal Infectology2072-6732IPO “АIDSSPbR"10.22625/2072-6732-2025-17-4-121-131jofin-1898Research ArticleЭпидемиологияEpidemiologyВидовое разнообразие риккетсий группы клещевой пятнистой лихорадки на территории Северо-Запада России и стран Балтийского регионаSpecies diversity of spotted fever group rickettsia in the territory of northwestern Russia and the baltic region countriesКармоковИ. А.KarmokovI. A.

Кармоков Ислам Анатольевич – младший научный сотрудник лаборатории зооантропонозных инфекций 

Санкт-Петербург

Saint-Petersburg

karmokov@pasteurorg.ruХалиловЭ. С.KhalilovE. S.

Халилов Эрик Серкалиевич – биолог вирусологической лаборатории 

Санкт-Петербург

Saint-Petersburg

erik.khalilov@yandex.ruТокаревичН. К.TokarevichN. K.

Токаревич Николай Константинович – профессор, заведующий лабораторией зооантропонозных инфекций, д.м.н. 

Санкт-Петербург

Saint-Petersburg

tokarevich@pasteurorg.ruСанкт-Петербургский научно-исследовательский институт эпидемиологии и микробиологии им. ПастераРоссияSaint-Petersburg Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology named after PasteurRussian FederationСеверо-Западная противочумная станцияРоссияNorth-West Plague Control StationRussian Federation202518122025174121131Copyright © Кармоков И.А., Халилов Э.С., Токаревич Н.К., 20252025Кармоков И.А., Халилов Э.С., Токаревич Н.К.Karmokov I.A., Khalilov E.S., Tokarevich N.K.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://journal.niidi.ru/jofin/article/view/1898

Риккетсии группы клещевой пятнистой лихорадки – это группа облигатных внутриклеточных грамотрицательных бактерий, принадлежащих к роду Rickettsia. Они широко распространены и способны вызывать заболевания у большого числа видов позвоночных животных и человека, заражая их, в основном, через присасывание клещей. Цель: выявить видовое разнообразие риккетсий группы клещевой пятнистой лихорадки, циркулирующих на территории северо-запада России и стран Балтийского региона, путем анализа научной литературы. Материалы и методы: данные для этого обзора были получены из статей, опубликованных в журналах, включенных в наукометрические базы PubMed и Google Scholar, с 1 января 1979 г. до 31 января 2025 г. Результаты: по результатам проведенного анализа было выявлено 7 патогенных видов риккетсий группы клещевой пятнистой лихорадки, обнаруженных в иксодовых клещах, собранных с растительности, на территории северо-запада России и стран Балтийского региона: R. helvetica, Candidatus R. tarasevichiae, R. raoultii, R. slovaca, R. monacensis, R. aeschlimannii и R. tamurae. Основными резервуарами данных видов риккетсий в очагах являются клещи рода Ixodes, Haemaphysalis, Hyalomma, Dermacentor, Rhipiciphalus и Amblyomma. Клиническая картина нозологических форм клещевых риккетсиозов, вызываемых этими видами риккетсий, складывается из нескольких групп симптомов: кожных (кожная сыпь, некротический струп на месте присасывания клеща), гриппоподобных (лихорадка, головная боль, утомляемость, недомогание, озноб, кашель, головокружение), симптомов со стороны опорно-двигательной системы (миалгия, артралгия), гастроинтестинальных (тошнота, рвота, диарея, анорексия) и других (лимфаденопатия, конъюнктивит, отёк, менингит). Заключение: полученные результаты свидетельствуют о существовании природных очагов клещевых риккетсиозов на территории северо-запада России и стран Балтийского региона, а также о значительном видовом разнообразии риккетсий группы клещевой пятнистой лихорадки в этих очагах, и обосновывают целесообразность проведения постоянного мониторинга за зараженностью клещей данными патогенами.

The spotted fever group rickettsia is a group of obligate intracellular, Gram-negative bacteria belonging to the genus Rickettsia. They are widely distributed and capable of causing disease in a large number of vertebrate species, including humans, primarily transmitted through tick bites. The study’s objective was to identify the species diversity of spotted fever group rickettsia circulating in the territory of northwestern Russia and the countries of the Baltic region by analyzing scientific literature. Materials and methods. Data for this review were obtained from articles published in journals indexed in scientometric databases such as PubMed and Google Scholar, covering the period from January 1, 1979, to January 31, 2025. Results. The analysis revealed seven pathogenic species of spotted fever group rickettsia detected in ixodid ticks collected from vegetation in northwestern Russia and the Baltic region: R. helvetica, Candidatus R. tarasevichiae, R. raoultii, R. slovaca, R. monacensis, R. aeschlimannii and R. tamurae. The primary reservoirs of these rickettsia species in natural foci are ticks of the genus: Ixodes, Haemaphysalis, Hyalomma, Dermacentor, Rhipicephalus and Amblyomma. The clinical picture of these forms of tick-borne rickettsioses includes several symptom groups: dermatological (skin rash, necrotic eschar at the tick bite site); flu-like (fever, headache, fatigue, malaise, chills, cough and dizziness); musculoskeletal (myalgia, arthralgia); gastrointestinal (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia) and other symptoms (lymphadenopathy, conjunctivitis, edema, meningitis). Conclusion. The findings confirm the existence of natural foci of tick-borne rickettsioses in northwestern Russia and the Baltic region, highlight the significant species diversity of spotted fever group rickettsia in these areas, and justify the need for ongoing monitoring of tick prevalence of these pathogens.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.