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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">jofin</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Журнал инфектологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal Infectology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-6732</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IPO “АIDSSPbR"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22625/2072-6732-2025-17-3-82-89</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">jofin-1847</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНОЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Количественный HBsAg и РНК ВГВ как маркеры скрытой вирусной активности у HBeAg-негативных пациентов на примере когортного исследования в Узбекистане</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Quantitative HBsAg and HBV RNA as markers of latent viral activity in HBeAg-negative patients: a cohort study in Uzbekistan</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рахманова</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rakhmanova</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рахманова Азиза Махмаражабовна – врач-инфекционист клиники НИИ вирусологии Республиканского специализированного научно-практического медицинского центра эпидемиологии, микробиологии, инфекционных и паразитарных заболеваний.</p><p>Ташкент</p><p>тел.: + 998-909-84-46-96</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tashkent</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">doc.aziza94@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Касимова</surname><given-names>Р. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kasimova</surname><given-names>R. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Касимова Раъно Иброхимовна – врач-инфекционист, заведующий отделением клиники НИИ вирусологии Республиканского специализированного научно-практического медицинского центра эпидемиологии, микробиологии, инфекционных и паразитарных заболеваний, д.м.н.</p><p>Ташкент</p><p>тел.: +998-903-71-42-21</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tashkent</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ranokasimova17@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мусабаев</surname><given-names>Э. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Musabayev</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мусабаев Эркин Исакович – врач-инфекционист, директор НИИ вирусологии Республиканского специализированного научно-практического медицинского центра эпидемиологии, микробиологии, инфекционных и паразитарных заболеваний, д.м.н., профессор, академик АН РУз.</p><p>Ташкент</p><p>тел.: +998-901-86-91-64</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tashkent</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">drmusabaev1956@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рахманов</surname><given-names>М. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rakhmanov</surname><given-names>M. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рахманов Махмаражаб Ибадович – врач-инфекционист, заместитель главного врача клиники НИИ вирусологии Республиканского специализированного научно-практического медицинского центра эпидемиологии, микробиологии, инфекционных и паразитарных заболеваний, к.м.н.</p><p>Ташкент</p><p>тел.: +998-903-50-57-64</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tashkent</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rahmonov_med@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мирзаев</surname><given-names>У. Х.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mirzayev</surname><given-names>U. Kh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мирзаев Улугбек Худайбердиевич – врач-инфекционист НИИ вирусологии Республиканского специализированного научно-практического медицинского центра эпидемиологии, микробиологии, инфекционных и паразитарных заболеваний; ассистент кафедры биомедицинских наук Фармацевтического технического университета, доктор философии (PhD).</p><p>Ташкент</p><p>тел.: +998-903-50-80-26</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tashkent</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dr.mirzaev.icu@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт вирусологии Республиканского специализированного научно-практического медицинского центра эпидемиологии, микробиологии, инфекционных и паразитарных заболеваний</institution><country>Узбекистан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Institute of Virology, Republican Specialized Scientific and Practical Medical Center of Epidemiology, Microbiology, Infectious and Parasitic Diseases</institution><country>Uzbekistan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт вирусологии Республиканского специализированного научно-практического медицинского центра эпидемиологии, микробиологии, инфекционных и паразитарных заболеваний; Фармацевтический технический университет</institution><country>Узбекистан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Institute of Virology, Republican Specialized Scientific and Practical Medical Center of Epidemiology, Microbiology, Infectious and Parasitic Diseases; Pharmaceutical Technical University</institution><country>Uzbekistan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>82</fpage><lpage>89</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Рахманова А.М., Касимова Р.И., Мусабаев Э.И., Рахманов М.И., Мирзаев У.Х., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Рахманова А.М., Касимова Р.И., Мусабаев Э.И., Рахманов М.И., Мирзаев У.Х.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Rakhmanova A.M., Kasimova R.I., Musabayev E.I., Rakhmanov M.I., Mirzayev U.K.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.niidi.ru/jofin/article/view/1847">https://journal.niidi.ru/jofin/article/view/1847</self-uri><abstract><p>Хронический гепатит В остается глобальной проблемой здравоохранения: более 296 млн носителей вируса и высокая смертность от осложнений. В Узбекистане распространенность HBsAg достигает 3,7%, что актуализирует совершенствование диагностики. Традиционные маркеры (ДНК ВГВ, HBeAg) ограничены, особенно при персистенции вируса через кзкДНК и интегрированную ДНК (иДНК). Целью исследования стало изучение взаимосвязи ДНК ВГВ, РНК ВГВ и количественного HBsAg (qHBsAg) у наивных пациентов, с акцентом на парадоксальную диссоциацию маркеров.</p><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы: в проспективное исследование включены 116 взрослых пациентов с хроническим HBV без предшествующей терапии. Критерии исключения: цирроз, гепатоцеллюлярная карцинома, аутоиммунные заболевания. Проведено определение ДНК (полимеразная цепная реакция (ПЦР)), РНК (RT-ПЦР) и qHBsAg (ИФА). Группы: ДНК+/РНК+ (48 пациентов – 41,4%), ДНК-/РНК+ (48 пациента – 20,7%), ДНК-/РНК- (44 пациента – 37,9%).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты: медиана qHBsAg в группах ДНК+/РНК+ и ДНК-/РНК- была сопоставима (4300 vs 1840 МЕ/мл, p=0,12), но значительно выше у ДНК-/РНК+ (8300 МЕ/мл, p&lt;0,003). У HBeAg+ пациентов выявлена корреляция РНК ВГВ с qHBsAg (r=0,592, p&lt;0,001), у HBeAg связь отсутствовала. Группа ДНК-/РНК+ характеризовалась повышенным АЛТ (34,8 vs 27,8 Ед/л, p=0,01) и лимфоцитозом, что указывает на иммунную активацию.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы: парадоксальная диссоциация маркеров ВГВ у наивных пациентов демонстрирует, что фенотип ДНК-/РНК+ связан с активной транскрипцией кзкДНК без репликации ДНК, что сопровождается высокими qHBsAg и субклиническим гепатитом. Интеграция анализа РНК ВГВ и qHBsAg в клиническую практику улучшит стратификацию пациентов, особенно в регионах с доминированием HBeAg-негативных форм. Результаты подчеркивают необходимость пересмотра диагностических алгоритмов для оптимизации лечения хронического HBV.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) remains a global health challenge with over 296 million virus carriers and high mortality from complications. In Uzbekistan, HBsAg prevalence reaches 3.7%, highlighting the need for improved diagnostic approaches. Traditional markers (HBV DNA, HBeAg) have limitations, particularly in cases of viral persistence through covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) and integrated DNA (iDNA). The study aimed to investigate the relationship between HBV DNA, HBV RNA, and quantitative HBsAg (qH-BsAg) in treatment-naive patients, with emphasis on paradoxical marker dissociation.</p><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. This prospective study included 116 adult patients with chronic HBV infection without prior antiviral therapy. Exclusion criteria comprised cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and autoimmune diseases. HBV DNA was determined by PCR, HBV RNA by RT-PCR, and qHBsAg by enzyme immunoassay (EIA). Patients were stratified into three groups: DNA+/RNA+ (48 patients – 41.4%), DNA-/ RNA+ (24 patients – 20.7%), and DNA-/RNA- (44 patients – 37.9%).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The median qHBsAg levels in DNA+/RNA+ and DNA-/RNA- groups were comparable (4,300 vs 1,840 IU/ mL, p=0.12), but significantly higher in the DNA-/RNA+ group (8,300 IU/mL, p&lt;0.003). In HBeAg-positive patients, a correlation was observed between HBV RNA and qHB-sAg (r=0.592, p&lt;0.001), while no association was found in HBeAg-negative patients. The DNA-/RNA+ group was characterized by elevated ALT levels (34.8 vs 27.8 U/L, p=0.01) and lymphocytosis, indicating immune activation.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The paradoxical dissociation of HBV markers in treatment-naive patients demonstrates that the DNA-/ RNA+ phenotype is associated with active cccDNA transcription without DNA replication, accompanied by elevated qHBsAg levels and subclinical hepatitis. Integration of HBV RNA and qHBsAg analysis into clinical practice will improve patient stratification, particularly in regions where HBeAgnegative forms predominate. These findings underscore the necessity for revising diagnostic algorithms to optimize chronic HBV management.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>хронический гепатит В</kwd><kwd>количественный HBsAg</kwd><kwd>ковалентно-замкнутая кольцевая ДНК</kwd><kwd>интегрированная вирусная ДНК</kwd><kwd>вирусологический парадокс</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Chronic hepatitis B</kwd><kwd>HBV DNA</kwd><kwd>HBV RNA</kwd><kwd>HBsAg</kwd><kwd>cccDNA</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hsu YC, Huang DQ, Nguyen MH. Global burden of hepatitis B virus: current status, missed opportunities and a call for action. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2023 г.; 20(8):524–37. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37024566/</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hsu YC, Huang DQ, Nguyen MH. 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