<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">jofin</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Журнал инфектологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal Infectology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-6732</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IPO “АIDSSPbR"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22625/2072-6732-2025-17-1-15-25</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">jofin-1733</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОР</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние пандемии COVID-19 на эпидемиологию коклюша (обзор литературы)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the epidemiology of whooping cough (review of literature)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Филаева</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Filaeva</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Филаева Надежда Александровна – врач-инфекционист отделения респираторных (капельных) инфекций, аспирант научно-исследовательского отдела капельных инфекций Федерального НКЦ инфекционных болезней.</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p><p>Тел.: 8(812)234-29-87</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Saint-Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">filaeva_n19@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бабаченко</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Babachenko</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бабаченко Ирина Владимировна – заведующий научно-исследовательским отделом капельных инфекций Федерального НКЦ инфекционных болезней; профессор кафедры инфекционных заболеваний у детей ФП и ДПО СПбГПМУ, д.м.н., профессор.</p><p>Санкт-Петербург,</p><p>Тел.: 8(812)234-29-87, +7-921-579-96-51</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Saint-Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">babachenko-doc@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Курова</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kurova</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Курова Наталия Николаевна – старший научный сотрудник лаборатории медицинской бактериологии СПбНИИ эпидемиологии и микробиологии им. Пастера, к.м.н.</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p><p>Тел.: 8(812)644-63-15</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Saint-Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kurova@pasteurorg.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный научно-клинический центр инфекционных болезней</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Scientific and Clinical Center for Infectious Diseases</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный научно-клинический центр инфекционных болезней; Санкт-Петербургский государственный педиатрический медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Scientific and Clinical Center for Infectious Diseases; Saint-Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт эпидемиологии и микробиологии им. Пастера</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Science Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology named after Pasteur</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>15</fpage><lpage>25</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Филаева Н.А., Бабаченко И.В., Курова Н.Н., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Филаева Н.А., Бабаченко И.В., Курова Н.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Filaeva N.A., Babachenko I.V., Kurova N.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.niidi.ru/jofin/article/view/1733">https://journal.niidi.ru/jofin/article/view/1733</self-uri><abstract><p>В обзоре представлены современные сведения об эпидемиологической ситуации по коклюшу в период пандемии COVID-19 и в постпандемическом периоде: показаны динамика и возрастная структура заболеваемости в разных странах мира с анализом причин изменений. По данным литературы описано влияние изоляционных мероприятий на показатели заболеваемости коклюшем в 2023–2024 гг. на примере Японии, а также вакцинации беременных от коклюша на примере Южной Кореи. Представлены некоторые аспекты патогенеза коклюша и COVID-19, которые могут влиять на течение сочетанных заболеваний у детей. Приведен анализ 2 описанных клинических случаев у непривитых детей 1 и 4 месяцев, показывающих доминирование типичных клинических проявлений коклюша, отсутствие характерной для COVID-19 лихорадки и интоксикации, развитие бронхиолита с дыхательной недостаточностью, усугублявших тяжесть заболевания. Это обосновывает целесообразность обследования на новую коронавирусную инфекцию больных коклюшем с нехарактерными респираторными проявлениями, а на коклюш – длительно кашляющих реконвалесцентов COVID-19.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The review presents current information on the epidemiological situation with whooping cough during the COVID-19 pandemic and in the post-pandemic period: the dynamics and age structure of the incidence in different countries of the world are shown with an analysis of the causes of changes. According to the literature, the effect of isolation measures on the incidence of whooping cough in 2023–2024 is described using the example of Japan, as well as vaccination of pregnant women against whooping cough using the example of South Korea. Some aspects of the pathogenesis of whooping cough and COVID-19 are presented, which can affect the course of combined diseases in children. The article presents an analysis of two described clinical cases in unvaccinated children aged 1 and 4 months, showing the dominance of typical clinical manifestations of whooping cough, the absence of fever and intoxication characteristic of COVID-19, the development of bronchiolitis with respiratory failure, which aggravated the severity of the disease. This justifies the advisability of examining patients with whooping cough with atypical respiratory manifestations for a new coronavirus infection, and for whooping cough – COVID-19 convalescents with a long cough.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>коклюш</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>заболеваемость</kwd><kwd>возрастная структура</kwd><kwd>сочетанные заболевания у детей</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>whooping cough</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>morbidity</kwd><kwd>age structure</kwd><kwd>combined diseases in children</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">О состоянии санитарно-эпидемиологического благополучия населения в Российской Федерации в 2023 году: Государственный доклад. Москва: Федеральная служба по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека, 2024. – 364 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">O sostoyanii sanitarno-e`pidemiologicheskogo blagopoluchiya naseleniya v Rossijskoj Federacii v 2023 godu: Gosudarstvenny`j doklad. Moskva: Federal`naya sluzhba po nadzoru v sfere zashhity` prav potrebitelej i blagopoluchiya cheloveka, 2024. – 364 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бабаченко, И.В. Коклюш у детей / И.В. Бабаченко, С.М. Харит, Н.Н. Курова, Г.Я. Ценева. М.: Комментарий, 2014. – 176 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Babachenko I.V., Xarit S.M., Kurova N.N., Ceneva G.Ya. Whooping cough in children. M.: Kommentarij, 2014: 176 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Казанцев, А.П. Коклюш / А.П. Казанцев, В. М. Волжанин // Руководство по инфекционным болезням / Е.С. Белозеров, Ю.И. Буланьков, В.В. Васильев [и др.]. – Кн. 1. - 4-е изд., перераб. и доп. – СПб.: ООО «Издательство Фолиант», 2011. – С. 554–558.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kazantsev A.P., Volzhanin V.M. Rukovodstvo po infektsionnym boleznyam / Ye. S. Belozerov, YU. I. Bulan’kov, V. V. Vasil’yev [i dr.]. – Kn. 1. - 4-ye izd., pererab. i dop. – SPb.: OOO “Izdatel’stvo Foliant”, 2011: 554-558 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Markey K, Douglas-Bardsley A, Asokanathan C. et al. Improvement in serological diagnosis of pertussis by external quality assessment. J Med Microbiol. 2019 May;68(5):741-747.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Markey K, Douglas-Bardsley A, Asokanathan C. et al. Improvement in serological diagnosis of pertussis by external quality assessment. J Med Microbiol. 2019 May;68(5):741-747.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Burrell R, Saravanos G, Britton PN. Unintended impacts of COVID-19 on the epidemiology and burden of paediatric respiratory infections. Paediatr Respir Rev. 2023 Aug 3:S1526-0542(23)00044-1.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Burrell R, Saravanos G, Britton PN. Unintended impacts of COVID-19 on the epidemiology and burden of paediatric respiratory infections. Paediatr Respir Rev. 2023 Aug 3:S1526-0542(23)00044-1.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tessier E, Campbell H, Ribeiro S, et al. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Bordetella pertussis infections in England. BMC Public Health. 2022 Feb 28;22(1):405.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tessier E, Campbell H, Ribeiro S, et al. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Bordetella pertussis infections in England. BMC Public Health. 2022 Feb 28;22(1):405.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hirae K, Hoshina T, Koga H. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the epidemiology of other communicable diseases in Japan. Int J Infect Dis. 2023 Mar;128:265-271.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hirae K, Hoshina T, Koga H. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the epidemiology of other communicable diseases in Japan. Int J Infect Dis. 2023 Mar;128:265-271.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">UK Health Security Agency. Research and analysis сonfirmed cases of pertussis in England by month; 2024. [cited 2024 Dec 12]. Available from: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/pertussis-epidemiology-in-england-2024.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">UK Health Security Agency. Research and analysis сonfirmed cases of pertussis in England by month; 2024. [cited 2024 Dec 12]. Available from: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/pertussis-epidemiology-in-england-2024.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Stein-Zamir C, Shoob H, Abramson N, Brown EH and Zimmermann Y (2023). Pertussis outbreak mainly in unvaccinated young children in ultra-orthodox Jewish groups, Jerusalem, Israel 2023. Epidemiology and Infection, 151, e166, 1–6.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Stein-Zamir C, Shoob H, Abramson N, Brown EH and Zimmermann Y (2023). Pertussis outbreak mainly in unvaccinated young children in ultra-orthodox Jewish groups, Jerusalem, Israel 2023. Epidemiology and Infection, 151, e166, 1–6.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Linardos G, Coltella L, Ranno S, et al. Whooping Cough Cases Increase in Central Italy after COVID-19 Pandemic. Antibiotics. 2024; 13(5):464.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Linardos G, Coltella L, Ranno S, et al. Whooping Cough Cases Increase in Central Italy after COVID-19 Pandemic. Antibiotics. 2024; 13(5):464.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. Increase of pertussis cases in the EU/EEA, 8 May 2024. Stockholm: ECDC; 2024. [cite 2024 Dec 12]. Available from: https://www.quotidianosanita.it/allegati/allegato1715164562.pdf.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. Increase of pertussis cases in the EU/EEA, 8 May 2024. Stockholm: ECDC; 2024. [cite 2024 Dec 12]. Available from: https://www.quotidianosanita.it/allegati/allegato1715164562.pdf.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cho S, Kim DW, Achangwa C, et al. Pertussis in the elderly: Plausible amplifiers of persistent community transmission of pertussis in South Korea. J Infect. 2024 Sep;89(3):106232.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cho S, Kim DW, Achangwa C, et al. Pertussis in the elderly: Plausible amplifiers of persistent community transmission of pertussis in South Korea. J Infect. 2024 Sep;89(3):106232.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Korea Disease Control and Prevention. Infectious disease portal. [cite 2024 Dec 12]. Available from: https://www.kdca.go.kr/board/board.es?mid=a30501000000&amp;bid=0031&amp;list_no=725602&amp;act=view.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Korea Disease Control and Prevention. Infectious disease portal. [cite 2024 Dec 12]. Available from: https://www.kdca.go.kr/board/board.es?mid=a30501000000&amp;bid=0031&amp;list_no=725602&amp;act=view.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hu Y, Wang L, Yao K, Wang Q. Atypical surge of hospitalized and severe cases of pertussis: A single center 19-years study from China. Pulmonology. 2024 Nov-Dec;30(6):636-638.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hu Y, Wang L, Yao K, Wang Q. Atypical surge of hospitalized and severe cases of pertussis: A single center 19-years study from China. Pulmonology. 2024 Nov-Dec;30(6):636-638.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sun Z, Zhang H, Yang Y, Wan H, Wang Y. Impacts of geographic factors and population density on the COVID-19 spreading under the lockdown policies of China. Sci Total Environ. 2020 Dec 1;746:141347.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sun Z, Zhang H, Yang Y, Wan H, Wang Y. Impacts of geographic factors and population density on the COVID-19 spreading under the lockdown policies of China. Sci Total Environ. 2020 Dec 1;746:141347.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mengyang, Guo et al. Resurgence and atypical patterns of pertussis in China. Journal of Infection. 2024; 88 (4): 106140.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mengyang, Guo et al. Resurgence and atypical patterns of pertussis in China. Journal of Infection. 2024; 88 (4): 106140.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Liu Y, Ye Q. Resurgence and the shift in the age of peak onset of pertussis in southern China. J Infect. 2024 Aug;89(2):106194.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Liu Y, Ye Q. Resurgence and the shift in the age of peak onset of pertussis in southern China. J Infect. 2024 Aug;89(2):106194.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бабаченко, И.В. Клинико-эпидемиологические аспекты коклюша у детей в условиях массовой вакцинопрофилактики / И.В. Бабаченко [и др.] // Журнал инфектологии. – 2019. – Т. 11, № 2. – С. 88–96.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Babachenko I.V. Zhurnal infektologii. 2019; 11, № 2: 88 – 96 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Попова, О.П. Клинико-иммунологические особенности сочетанного течения коклюша и риновирусной инфекции у детей / О.П. Попова [и др.] // Рос. Вестн. перинатол. и педиатр. – 2021. – Т. 66, № 5. – С. 82–87.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Popova, O.P. [i dr.]. Ros vestn perinatol i pediatr. 2021; 66, №5: 82-87 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Попова, О.П. Сочетанное течение тяжёлой формы коклюша с риновирусной инфекцией и COVID-19 у ребёнка раннего возраста / О.П. Попова [и др.] // Детские инфекции. – 2024. – Т. 23, № 2. – С. 52–54.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Popova, O.P. [i dr.] Detskie infekcii. 2024; 23, №2: 52-54 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Константинова. Е.Ю. Клинический случай сочетанной новой коронавирусной инфекции и коклюша у непривитого ребенка / Е.Ю. Константинова [и др.] // Журнал инфектологии. – 2022. – Т. 14, № 5. – С. 109–115.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Konstantinova. E.Yu. Zhurnal infektologii. 2022; 14, № 5: 109 – 115 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Трушакова, С.В. Диагностика респираторных вирусных инфекций у детей с коклюшем / С.В. Трушакова [и др.] // Молекулярная диагностика и биобезопасность – 2024: сборник тезисов Конгресса с международным участием (Москва, 16–17 апреля 2024 года) / под ред. академика РАН В.Г. Акимкина. М.: ФБУН ЦНИИ Эпидемиологии Роспотребнадзора, 2024. — С. 118–120.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Trushakova, S.V. [i dr.] Molekulyarnaya diagnostika i biobezopasnost` 2024: sbornik tezisov Kongressa s mezhdunarodny`m uchastiem (Moskva, 16–17 aprelya 2024 goda) / pod red. akademika RAN V.G. Akimkina. M.: FBUN CzNII E`pidemiologii Rospotrebnadzora, 2024: 118-120 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Эволюция пандемии COVID-19: монография / Н.А. Беляков, С.Ф. Багненко, В.В. Рассохин [и др.]. – СПб.: Балтийский медицинский образовательный центр, 2021. – 410 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Belyakov N.A., Bagnenko S.F., Rassoxin V.V. [i dr.] Evolution of the COVID-19 pandemic: monograph. SPb., Baltijskij medicinskij obrazovatel`ny`j centr. 2021; 410 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Инфекция, вызванная SARS-CoV-2 / А.А. Андреенко, Ю.В. Андрейчук, В.Г. Арсентьев [и др.]. – Санкт-Петербург: Военно-медицинская академия имени С.М. Кирова, 2023. – 260 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Andreenko A. A., Andreychuk Yu. V., Arsentyev V. G. [i dr.] Infection caused by SARS-CoV-2; Military Medical Academy named after S.M. Kirov. – St. Petersburg: Military Medical Academy named after S.M. Kirov, 2023; 48 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Фисун, А.Я. Роль ренин-ангиотензин-альдостероновой системы во взаимодействии с коронавирусом SARS-CoV-2 и в развитии стратегий профилактики и лечения новой коронавирусной инфекции (Covid-19) / А. Я. Фисун, Д.В. Черкашин, В.В. Тыренко, К.В. Жданов, К.В. Козлов // Артериальная гипертензия. – 2020. – Т. 26, №3. – С. 2248–2262.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fisun A. Ya., Cherkashin D. V., Ty`renko V. V., Zhdanov K. V., Kozlov K. V. Аrterial’naya gipertoniya. 2020; 26, №3: 2248-2262 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Яровая, Г.А. Калликреин-кининовая система. Прошлое и настоящее. (К 90-летию открытия системы) / Г.А. Яровая, А.Е. Нешкова // Биоорганическая химия. – 2015. – Т. 41, № 3. – С. 275.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yarovaya, G. A., Neshkova A. E. Bioorganicheskaya ximiya. 2015; 41, № 3: 275. (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Harrison A.G., Lin T., Wang P. Mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 Transmission and Pathogenesis. Trends in Immunology. 2020. Oct 14; 41(12):1100–1115.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Harrison A.G., Lin T., Wang P. Mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 Transmission and Pathogenesis // Trends in Immunology. Oct 14; 41(12):1100–1115.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Garvin MR, Alvarez C, Miller JI, Prates ET, Walker AM, Amos BK, Mast AE, Justice A, Aronow B, Jacobson D. A mechanistic model and therapeutic interventions for COVID-19 involving a RAS-mediated bradykinin storm. Elife. 2020 Jul 7; 9: e59177. https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.59177</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Garvin MR, Alvarez C, Miller JI, Prates ET, Walker AM, Amos BK, Mast AE, Justice A, Aronow B, Jacobson D. A mechanistic model and therapeutic interventions for COVID-19 involving a RAS-mediated bradykinin storm. Elife. 2020 Jul 7;9:e59177.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hewitt M, Canning BJ. Coughing precipitated by Bordetella pertussis infection. Lung. 2010 Jan;188 Suppl 1: S73-79.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hewitt M, Canning BJ. Coughing precipitated by Bordetella pertussis infection. Lung. 2010 Jan;188 Suppl 1:S73-9.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wettstein L, Weil T, Conzelmann C. et al. Alpha-1 antitrypsin inhibits TMPRSS2 protease activity and SARS-CoV 2 infection. Nat Commun. 2021 Mar 19;12(1):1726.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wettstein L, Weil T, Conzelmann C. et al. Alpha-1 antitrypsin inhibits TMPRSS2 protease activity and SARS-CoV 2 infection. Nat Commun. 2021 Mar 19;12(1):1726.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lietz S, Sommer A, Sokolowski LM et al. Alpha-1 antitrypsin inhibits pertussis toxin. J Biol Chem. 2024 Oct 30;300(12):107950.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lietz S, Sommer A, Sokolowski LM et al. Alpha-1 antitrypsin inhibits pertussis toxin. J Biol Chem. 2024 Oct 30;300(12):107950.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Okyay RA, Sahin AR, Aguinada RA, Tasdogan AM. Why are Children Less Affected by COVID-19? Could there be an Overlooked Bacterial Co-Infection? EJMO 2020;4(1):104–105.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Okyay RA, Sahin AR, Aguinada RA, Tasdogan AM. Why are Children Less Affected by COVID-19? Could there be an Overlooked Bacterial Co-Infection? EJMO 2020;4(1):104–105.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Liniger M, Zuniga A, Tamin A et al. Induction of neutralising antibodies and cellular immune responses against SARS coronavirus by recombinant measles viruses. Vaccine 2008;26:2164-74.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Liniger M, Zuniga A, Tamin A et al. Induction of neutralising antibodies and cellular immune responses against SARS coronavirus by recombinant measles viruses. Vaccine. 2008; 26: 2164-74.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Salas J, Morley JE, Hoft DF, Scherrer JF. Lower risk for COVID-19 hospitalization among patients in the United States with past vaccinations for herpes zoster and tetanus, diphtheria and pertussis. Prev Med Rep. 2023 Jun 25; 35:102302.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Salas J, Morley JE, Hoft DF, Scherrer JF. Lower risk for COVID-19 hospitalization among patients in the United States with past vaccinations for herpes zoster and tetanus, diphtheria and pertussis. Prev Med Rep. 2023 Jun 25;35:102302.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhang Y, Ran Z, Tian M, et al. Commensal microbes affect host humoral immunity to Bordetella pertussis infection. Infection and immunity 2019;87:e00421-19.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhang Y, Ran Z, Tian M, et al. Commensal microbes affect host humoral immunity to Bordetella pertussis infection. Infection and immunity 2019;87:e00421-19.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Berry I, Cole M, Silk B, et al. SARS-Cov-2 coinfections among pertussis cases identified through the Enhaced Pertussis Surveillance system in the United States, January 2020 – February 2023. PLoS ONE 19(12): e0311488. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0311488</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Berry I, Cole M, Silk B, et al. SARS-Cov-2 coinfections among pertussis cases identified through the Enhaced Pertussis Surveillance system in the United States, January 2020 – February 2023. PLoS ONE 19(12): e0311488. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0311488</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
