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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">jofin</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Журнал инфектологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal Infectology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-6732</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IPO “АIDSSPbR"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22625/2072-6732-2023-15-4-140-147</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">jofin-1578</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Клинический случай</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Clinical Case</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Фульминантная пурпура – менингококковая инфекция или постспленэктомический сепсис</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Purpura fulminans – meningococcal infection or postsplenectomy sepsis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Самодова</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Samodova</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Самодова Ольга Викторовна – заведующая кафедрой инфекционных болезней, д.м.н., профессор; тел.: +7-911-563-00-65</p><p>Архангельск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Arkhangelsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ovsamodova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кригер</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krieger</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кригер Екатерина Анатольевна – доцент кафедры инфекционных болезней, к.м.н.; тел.: +7-950-963-57-11</p><p>Архангельск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Arkhangelsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kate-krieger@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Емельянцев</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Emel’yancev</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Емельянцев Андрей Васильевич – врач анестезиолог-реаниматолог; тел.: +7-911-580-04-99</p><p>Северодвинск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Severodvinsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">oarskdkb@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Якушева</surname><given-names>Е. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yakusheva</surname><given-names>E. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Якушева Елена Евгеньевна – врач-инфекционист, заведующий инфекционным отделением, к.м.н.; тел.: +7-911-562-22-05</p><p>Северодвинск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Severodvinsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yakushev87@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Харитонова</surname><given-names>К. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Haritonova</surname><given-names>K. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Харитонова Ксения Витальевна – врач-инфекционист; тел.: +7-911-580-06-84</p><p>Северодвинск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Severodvinsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ksyu.nikulina@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Северный государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Northern State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Северодвинская городская детская клиническая больница</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Severodvinsk urban pediatric clinical hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>01</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>140</fpage><lpage>147</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Самодова О.В., Кригер Е.А., Емельянцев А.В., Якушева Е.Е., Харитонова К.В., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Самодова О.В., Кригер Е.А., Емельянцев А.В., Якушева Е.Е., Харитонова К.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Samodova O.V., Krieger E.A., Emel’yancev A.V., Yakusheva E.E., Haritonova K.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.niidi.ru/jofin/article/view/1578">https://journal.niidi.ru/jofin/article/view/1578</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье представлены 2 клинических случая с анализом особенностей течения сепсиса после спленэктомии и на фоне врожденной гипоплазии селезенки.Снижение иммунной защиты организма после спленэктомии проявляется развитием инфекционных осложнений с высоким риском летального исхода. Наиболее опасное – постспленэктомический сепсис (OPSI-синдром), который характеризуется высокой летальностью (50–70%) в течение 12–24 ч от момента появления первых симптомов заболевания. Основными предикторами риска возникновения постспленэктомического сепсиса является причина, по которой выполнена спленэктомия, иммунный статус пациента, возраст и промежуток времени после спленэктомии.В качестве этиологических факторов OPSI-синдрома чаще всего выявляют Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus infuenzae типа b, Neisseria meningitidis. Диагностика затруднена неспецифичностью продромального периода OPSI-синдрома, который характеризуется гриппоподобными симптомами. Несвоевременная диагностика и задержка стартовой терапии сепсиса увеличивают риск неблагоприятного исхода.Одним из синдромов, ассоциированных с постспленэктомическим сепсисом, является фульминантная пурпура (purpura fulminans), наличие которой всегда требует проведения дифференциальной диагностики с менингококковым сепсисом. При этом половина случаев молниеносной пневмококковой пурпуры приходится на пациентов с аспленией или гипоспленией. В первом клиническом наблюдении пациенту при поступлении был поставлен предварительный диагноз генерализованной менингококковой инфекции, но с учетом асплении не исключалась и пневмококковая инфекция, впоследствии подтвержденная лабораторно.Учитывая высокий риск постспленэктомического сепсиса, его фульминантный характер, сложность ранней диагностики, превентивная стратегия после спленэктомии включает 3 направления – вакцинацию, антибиотикопрофилактику и обучение пациентов (родителей пациентов).Актуализация знаний медицинских работников имеет важное значение для обеспечения своевременной диагностики гипоспленизма, оценки риска постспленэктомической инфекции и профилактики OPSIсиндрома.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article presents two clinical cases with description of peculiarities of septic infection occurred after splenectomy and due to congenital splenic hypoplasia.Decreased immune defense resulted from splenectomy leads to severe infections with a high risk of death. The most severe sequela is overwhelming postsplenectomy infection (OPSI-syndrome) which is characterized by high mortality rate (50-70%) within 12-24 hours from the onset of the first symptoms. The main risk factors of postsplenectomy sepsis are a condition which became an indication for splenectomy, the immune status of the patient, age and the time period after splenectomyStreptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus infuenzae type b, Neisseria meningitidis are commonly identified etiological factors of OPSI-syndrome. The diagnosis could be delayed due to nonspecific flu-like prodromal symptoms of the OPSI-syndrome. Delay in the diagnosis and treatment of sepsis may increase the risk of death.One of the syndromes associated with post-splenectomy sepsis is fulminant purpura (purpura fulminans), which requires differential diagnosis with meningococcal infection. However, half of the cases of fulminant pneumococcal purpura occur in patients with asplenia or hyposplenia. In the first clinical case, a preliminary diagnosis of generalized meningococcal infection was made on admission, but the diagnosis of pneumococcal infection could not be excluded in asplenic patient and was subsequently confirmed by laboratory tests.Given the high risk of fulminant postsplenectomy sepsis, and the difficulties of timely diagnosis, the preventive strategy of infections after splenectomy falls into three major categories- vaccination, antibiotic prophylaxis, and patient (patient’s parents) education.Improving healthcare workers’ knowledge is required to ensure prompt diagnosis of hyposplenism, adequate risk assessment of postplenectomy infection and prevention of OPSI-syndrome.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>постспленэктомический сепсис</kwd><kwd>OPSI-синдром</kwd><kwd>спленэктомия</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>фульминантная пурпура</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>postsplenectomy sepsis</kwd><kwd>OPSI-syndrome</kwd><kwd>splenectomy</kwd><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>purpura fulminans</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Чулкова, С.В. 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