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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">jofin</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Журнал инфектологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal Infectology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-6732</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IPO “АIDSSPbR"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22625/2072-6732-2023-15-3-83-91</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">jofin-1546</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальное исследование</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Research</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Особенности функционирования системы врожденного и адаптивного иммунитета у пациентов с COVID-19 старшей возрастной группы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Features of the functioning of the innate and adaptive immunity system in patients with COVID-19 of the older age group</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Щегловитова</surname><given-names>О. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Scheglovitova</surname><given-names>O. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Щегловитова Ольга Николаевна – руководитель лаборатории противовирусного иммунитета НИЦЭМ им. почетного академика Н.Ф. Гамалеи, доктор медицинских наук, профессор.</p><p>Москва</p><p>тел.: 8(495)193-61-43</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">scheglovitova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колобухина</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolobukhina</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Колобухина Людмила Васильевна – руководитель лаборатории респираторных вирусных инфекций с апробацией лекарственных средств НИЦЭМ им. почетного академика Н.Ф. Гамалеи; врач-инфекционист ИКБ № 1, доктор медицинских наук, профессор.</p><p>Москва</p><p>тел.: 8(495)490-14-15</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lkolobuchina@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бабаянц</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Babayants</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бабаянц Алла Артемовна – старший научный сотрудник лаборатории противовирусного иммунитета НИЦЭМ им. почетного академика Н.Ф. Гамалеи, кандидат медицинских наук.</p><p>Москва</p><p>тел.: 8(495)193-61-43</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фролова</surname><given-names>И. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Frolova</surname><given-names>I. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Фролова Ирина Сергеевна – научный сотрудник лаборатории противовирусного иммунитета НИЦЭМ им. почетного академика Н.Ф. Гамалеи.</p><p>Москва</p><p>тел.: 8(495)193-61-43</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Исаева</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Isaeva</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Исаева Елена Ивановна – ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории иммунологии НИЦЭМ им. почетного академика Н.Ф. Гамалеи, кандидат медицинских наук.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кружкова</surname><given-names>И. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kruzhkova</surname><given-names>I. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кружкова Ирина Сергеевна – научный сотрудник лаборатории респираторных вирусных инфекций с апробацией лекарственных средств НИЦЭМ им. почетного академика Н.Ф. Гамалеи; врач-инфекционист ИКБ № 1.</p><p>Москва</p><p>тел.: 8(495)490-14-15</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">irina-kru@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Самков</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Samkov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Самков Алексей Александрович – заместитель главного врача по медицинской части ИКБ № 1.</p><p>Москва</p><p>тел.: 8(495)490-14-40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a.a.samkov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Антипят</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Antipyat</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Антипят Наталья Александровна – заместитель главного врача по медицинской части ИКБ № 1.</p><p>Москва</p><p>тел.: 8(495)490-14-40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">natadoc70@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тюрин</surname><given-names>И. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tyurin</surname><given-names>I. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тюрин Игорь Николаевич – главный врач ИКБ № 1.</p><p>Москва</p><p>тел.: 8(495)942-46-20</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tyurin.dti@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Наровлянский</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Narovliansky</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Наровлянский Александр Наумович – руководитель отдела интерферонов НИЦЭМ им. почетного академика Н.Ф. Гамалеи, доктор медицинских наук, профессор.</p><p>Москва</p><p>тел.: 8(499)193-43-06</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">narovl@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ершов</surname><given-names>Ф. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ershov</surname><given-names>F. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ершов Феликс Иванович – главный научный сотрудник НИЦЭМ им. почетного академика Н.Ф. Гамалеи, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, академик РАН.</p><p>Москва</p><p>тел.: 8(499)193-61-91</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">felixershov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Национальный исследовательский центр эпидемиологии и микробиологии им. почетного академика Н.Ф. Гамалеи<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology named after the honorary academician N.F. Gamaleya<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Национальный исследовательский центр эпидемиологии и микробиологии им. почетного академика Н.Ф. Гамалеи; Инфекционная клиническая больница № 1<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology named after the honorary academician N.F. Gamaleya; Infectious Diseases Clinical Hospital № 1 of the Department of Health of the City of Moscow<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">Инфекционная клиническая больница № 1<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Infectious Diseases Clinical Hospital № 1 of the Department of Health of the City of Moscow<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>10</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>83</fpage><lpage>91</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Щегловитова О.Н., Колобухина Л.В., Бабаянц А.А., Фролова И.С., Исаева Е.И., Кружкова И.С., Самков А.А., Антипят Н.А., Тюрин И.Н., Наровлянский А.Н., Ершов Ф.И., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Щегловитова О.Н., Колобухина Л.В., Бабаянц А.А., Фролова И.С., Исаева Е.И., Кружкова И.С., Самков А.А., Антипят Н.А., Тюрин И.Н., Наровлянский А.Н., Ершов Ф.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Scheglovitova O.N., Kolobukhina L.V., Babayants A.A., Frolova I.S., Isaeva E.I., Kruzhkova I.S., Samkov A.A., Antipyat N.A., Tyurin I.N., Narovliansky A.N., Ershov F.I.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.niidi.ru/jofin/article/view/1546">https://journal.niidi.ru/jofin/article/view/1546</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: характеристика активности врожденного, клеточного и адаптивного иммунитета у пациентов старшей возрастной группы с COVID19.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы: лейкоциты крови пациентов индуцировали вирусом болезни Ньюкастла (α-интерферон), фитогемагглютинином (γ-интерферон), антигенами SARS CoV 2: RBD и S-белком; оценивали активность интерферона в культуре фибробластов человека и методом иммуноферментного анализа. В сыворотке крови определяли: IgG антитела к SARS-CoV-2 и аутоантитела к интерферону и к эндотелию кровеносных сосудов, используя монослой клеток пупочной вены человека. Статистическую обработку выполняли в программе Excel 2016.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты: у пациентов старшей возрастной группы с тяжелой и среднетяжелой формами COVID-19 c осложненным течением выявлено снижение продукции α-интерферона и γ-интерферон в течение первых недель заболевания: 1-я неделя – 74,2±15,1; 3-я неделя – 144,0±35,7 (р=0,01); контроль – 266,6 ±82 (относительно 3 недели р=0,004) и ИФН γ: 1-я неделя – 6,8±2; 3-я неделя – 14,4 ±3,5 (р=0,03); контроль – 28,87,15 (относительно 3-й недели (р=0,007)). Выявлена сниженная продукция γ-интерферона лейкоцитами пациентов при индукции антигенами SARS-CoV-2 RBD и S-тримером по сравнению с вакцинированными пациентами. Антитела к SARS-CoV-2 в сыворотке крови обнаруживались, начиная со 2-й недели заболевания, отмечен большой разброс показателей. Обнаружены аутоантитела к α2-интерферону и к поверхностным антигенам эндотелия кровеносных сосудов человека.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение: состояние врожденного иммунитета у пациентов старшей возрастной группы с тяжелой и среднетяжелой формой COVID-19 характеризовалось снижением активности системы интерферона. Отмечена сниженная активность клеточного иммунитета к антигенам SARS-CoV-2. Адаптивный иммунитет характеризовался разбросом в показателях продукции IgG антител к SARS-CoV-2 и развитием дисбаланса в виде появления аутоантител к α-интерферону и к эндотелию сосудов.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Goal</title><p>Goal. Characteristics of innate, cellular and adaptive immunity in patients of the older age group with COVID19.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Blood leukocytes were induced by Newcastle disease virus (α-interferon), phytohemagglutinin (γ-interferon), SARS CoV 2: RBD antigens and S-protein; interferon activity in human fibroblast culture and enzyme immunoassay were evaluated. In serum, IgG antibodies to SARS CoV2 and autoantibodies to interferon and to the endothelium of blood vessels were determined using a mono-layer of human umbilical vein cells. Statistical processing was performed in Excel 2016.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. A decrease in the production of  α-interferon and γ-interferon was revealed: 1 week -74.2±15.1; 3 week-144.0±35.7 (p=0.01); control – 266.6 ±82 (relative to 3 weeks p=0.004) and IFN γ: 1 week -6.8±2; 3 week – 14.4 ±3.5 (p=0.03); control – 28.87.15 (relative to 3 weeks (p=0.007). Decreased production of γ-interferon by leukocytes of patients with induction by SARS CoV2 RBD and S-trimer anti-gens was revealed. Antibodies to SARS CoV2 were detected starting from the 2nd week of the disease, a large spread of indicators was noted. Autoantibodies to α2-interferon and to vascular surface antigens were detected.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The state of innate immunity in patients of the older age group with severe and moderate COVID-19 was characterized by a decrease in the activity of the interferon system. Decreased activity of cellular immunity to SARS CoV2 antigens was noted. Adaptive immunity was characterized by the development of an imbalance in the form of the appearance of autoantibodies to α-interferon and vascular endothelium.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>врожденный иммунитет</kwd><kwd>интерферон</kwd><kwd>аутоантитела к интерферону</kwd><kwd>аутоантитела к эндотелию сосудов</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>innate immunity</kwd><kwd>interferon</kwd><kwd>autoantibodies to interferon</kwd><kwd>autoantibodies to vascular endothelium</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Работа выполнена в рамках государственного задания Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации (тема № 056-00119-21-00).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Iwasaki M. 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