<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">jofin</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Журнал инфектологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal Infectology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-6732</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IPO “АIDSSPbR"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22625/2072-6732-2023-15-1-86-92</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">jofin-1474</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальное исследование</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Research</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Предикторы длительности стационарного лечения острой фазы инфекционного процесса, вызванного COVID-19</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Predictors of length of hospital stay in patients with acute COVID-19</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Панько</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pan’ko</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Панько Екатерина Сергеевна – врач 1-го инфекционного отделения</p><p>тел.: +375(29)727-66-09</p><p>Брест</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Brest</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">panko.yekaterina@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жаворонок</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhavoronok</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Жаворонок Сергей Владимирович – профессор кафедры инфекционных болезней, д.м.н.</p><p>тел: +375(29)655-33-87</p><p>Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zhavoronok.s@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соловчук</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Solovchuk</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Соловчук Александр Михайлович – аспирант кафедры интеллектуальных информационных технологий</p><p>Брест</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Brest</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">solovchuk_aleksandr@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Панько</surname><given-names>С. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pan’ko</surname><given-names>S. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Панько Светлана Сергеевна – заведующая 1-м инфекционным отделением</p><p>тел.: +375(29)618-08-32</p><p>Брест</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Brest</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">inf1@hospital.brest.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Панько</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pan’ko</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Панько Сергей Владимирович – хирург отделения торакальной хирургии Брестской областной клинической больницы; заведующий кафедрой анатомии, физиологии и безопасности человека Брестского государственного университета им. А.С. Пушкина, д.м.н., профессор</p><p>тел: +375(162)21-70-40</p><p>Брест</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Brest</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">medicine@brsu.brest.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Брестская областная клиническая больница<country>Беларусь</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Brest Regional Clinical Hospital<country>Belarus</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Белорусский государственный медицинский университет<country>Беларусь</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Belarusian State Medical University<country>Belarus</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">Брестский государственный технический университет<country>Беларусь</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Brest State Technical University<country>Belarus</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru">Брестская областная клиническая больница; Брестский государственный университет им. А.С. Пушкина<country>Беларусь</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Brest Regional Clinical Hospital; Brest State University named after A.S. Pushkin<country>Belarus</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>86</fpage><lpage>92</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Панько Е.С., Жаворонок С.В., Соловчук А.М., Панько С.С., Панько С.В., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Панько Е.С., Жаворонок С.В., Соловчук А.М., Панько С.С., Панько С.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pan’ko E.S., Zhavoronok S.V., Solovchuk A.M., Pan’ko S.S., Pan’ko S.V.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.niidi.ru/jofin/article/view/1474">https://journal.niidi.ru/jofin/article/view/1474</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: поиск предикторов длительности стационарного лечения острой фазы инфекционного процесса, вызванного SARS-CoV-2.  </p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы: исследование выполнено с декабря 2020 г. по май 2021 г. на 103 (средний возраст 62±13 лет, индекс массы тела 30,3 ±5,5 кг/м2 , мужчин 59) рандомизированных пациентах со средней тяжести (n=68) и тяжелой (n=35) формой острого инфекционного процесса COVID-19, проходивших госпитальное лечение с применением поддерживающей неинвазивной кислородотерапии. Построение моделей лог-регрессии с биноминальным распределением использовалось для оценки пригодности отдельных функциональных спирометрических переменных и/или суррогатного индекса оксигенации прогнозировать длительность госпитализации пациентов после дня проведения обследования (≤ 7 против&gt; 7 суток).  </p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты: проведенный анализ выявил, что относительный показатель «вентиляционного резерва» (отношение произвольной максимальной минутной вентиляции к минутной вентиляции в покое, VR= MVV/MV) обладает достаточной чувствительностью (Ч= 82%), специфичностью (С= 69%) и размером площади под кривой операционных характеристик (AUC= 0,7), уступая, однако, предикторным возможностям суррогатного индекса оксигенации SpO2 /FiO2 (Ч= 78%, С= 84% и AUC 0,8). Модель, комбинирующая эти относительные индикаторы газообмена и вентиляционного резерва, показала ещё большее увеличение чувствительности (89%), специфичности (84%) и площади под ROC-кривой (0,9).  </p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение: разработанная модель оценки вектора развития гипоксии по выраженности вентиляционно-перфузионной диссоциации продемонстрировала, что интегральные показатели оксигенации и вентиляционного резерва дыхательной мускулатуры могут быть использованы независимо и особенно в комбинации как эффективные предикторы исхода острой фазы инфекционного процесса, вызванного SARS-CoV-2. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of the study was to identify the predictors of length of hospital stay in patients with acute COVID-19, based on the pathophysiological particularities of SARS.  </p><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods: The study was conducted from December 2020 to May 2021 on 103 randomized patients (59 men, mean age 62±13 years, body mass index 30.3±5.5 kg/m2 ) with moderate to severe acute COVID-19 infection who were hospitalized for emergency non-invasive oxygen therapy. Log-regression models were used to assess the suitability of some functional spirometric variables and/or SpO2/FiO2 surrogate oxygenation index to predict the duration of inpatient treatment from the day of the examination (≤ 7 vs. &gt; 7 days).  </p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results: The analysis of the receiver operating characteristic curves showed that the relative indicator of the “ventilatory reserve” (the ratio of maximum voluntary ventilation to minute ventilation at rest, VR= MVV / MV) has sufficient sensitivity (82%), specificity (69%) and the area under the curve (AUC=0.7), although the SpO2/FiO2 ratio has a better predictive capacity (78%, 84% and 0.8 accordingly). The model combining these two integral indicators of gas exchange and the respiratory muscles reserve showed the best sensitivity (89%), specificity (84%) and area under the curve (0.9).  </p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion: The proposed model for determining of the hypoxia vector by assessing the severity of ventilation-perfusion dissociation with indicators of oxygenation and ventilation showed that the MVV/MV ratio and SpO2/FiO2 ratio can be used alone and especially in combination, as effective outcome predictors of the acute phase of the infectious process caused by SARS-CoV-2. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>тихая гипоксия</kwd><kwd>спирометрия</kwd><kwd>соотношение MVV/MV</kwd><kwd>слабость дыхательных мышц</kwd><kwd>пульсоксиметрия</kwd><kwd>соотношение SaO2 /FiO2</kwd><kwd>SARS-CoV-2</kwd><kwd>прогнозирование исхода</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>Silent hypoxia</kwd><kwd>spirometry</kwd><kwd>MVV/ MV ratio</kwd><kwd>respiratory muscle</kwd><kwd>pulse oximetry</kwd><kwd>SaO2 /FiO2 ratio</kwd><kwd>SARS-CoV-2</kwd><kwd>outcome prediction</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Guan W, Ni Z, Hu Y, Liang W, Ou C, He J, et al. Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China. N Engl J Med. 2020 30;382(18):1708-1720. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2002032. Epub 2020 Feb 28.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Guan W, Ni Z, Hu Y, Liang W, Ou C, He J, et al. Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China. N Engl J Med. 2020 30;382(18):1708-1720. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2002032. Epub 2020 Feb 28.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Archer SL, Sharp WW, Weir EK. Differentiating COVID-19 Pneumonia From Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome and High Altitude Pulmonary Edema: Therapeutic Implications.Circulation. 2020;142(2):101-104. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.047915/</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Archer SL, Sharp WW, Weir EK. Differentiating COVID-19 Pneumonia From Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome and High Altitude Pulmonary Edema: Therapeutic Implications.Circulation. 2020;142(2):101-104. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.047915/</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Цинзерлинг, В.А. Вопросы патоморфогенеза новой коронавирусной инфекции (COVID-19) / В.А. Цинзерлинг [и др.] // Журнал инфектологии. – 2020. – Т. 12, № 2. – С. 5–11. – DOI: 10.22625/2072-6732-2020-12-2-5-11.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zinserling V.А., Vashukova М.А., Vasilyeva М.V., Isakov А.N., Lugovskaya N.А., Narkevich Т.А., Sukhanova Yu.V., Semenova N.Yu., Gusev D.А. Issues of pathology of a new coronavirus infection COVID-19. J Infectologii. 2020;12(2): 5-11. DOI: 10.22625/2072-6732-2020-12-2-5-11. (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Li YC, Bai WZ, Hashikawa T. The neuroinvasive potential of SARS-CoV2 may be at least partially responsible for the respiratory failure of COVID-19 patients. J Med Virol 92: 552– 555, 2020. doi:10.1002/jmv.25728.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Li YC, Bai WZ, Hashikawa T. The neuroinvasive potential of SARS-CoV2 may be at least partially responsible for the respiratory failure of COVID-19 patients. J Med Virol 92: 552– 555, 2020. doi:10.1002/jmv.25728.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Алексеева, Т.М. Дебют генерализованной миастении после перенесенной новой коронавирусной инфекции (COVID-19) / Т.М. Алексеева [и др.] // Журнал инфектологии. – 2021. – Т. 13, № 4. – С. 127-132. DOI: 10.22625/2072-6732- 2021-13-4-127-132</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Alekseeva T.M., Isabekova P.Sh., Topuzova M.P., Skripchenko N.V. New onset of generalized myasthenia gravis developed after a new coronavirus infection (COVID-19). J Infectologii. 2021;13(4): 127-132. DOI: 10.22625/2072-6732-2021-13- 4-127-132 ( in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rahman A, Tabassum T, Araf Y, Al Nahid A, Ullah MA, Hosen MJ. Silent hypoxia in COVID-19: pathomechanism and possible management strategy. Mol Biol Rep. 2021;48(4):3863- 3869. doi:10.1007/s11033-021-06358-1</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rahman A, Tabassum T, Araf Y, Al Nahid A, Ullah MA, Hosen MJ. Silent hypoxia in COVID-19: pathomechanism and possible management strategy. Mol Biol Rep. 2021;48(4):3863- 3869. doi:10.1007/s11033-021-06358-1</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ferrandi PJ, Alway SE, Mohamed JS. The interaction between SARS-CoV-2 and ACE2 may have consequences for skeletal muscle viral susceptibility and myopathies. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2020;129(4):864-867.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ferrandi PJ, Alway SE, Mohamed JS. The interaction between SARS-CoV-2 and ACE2 may have consequences for skeletal muscle viral susceptibility and myopathies. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2020;129(4):864-867.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shi Z, de Vries HJ, Vlaar APJ, van der Hoeven J, Boon RA, Heunks LMA, et al. Diaphragm pathology in critically ill patients with COVID-19 and postmortem findings from 3 medical centers. JAMA Intern Med 2021;181:122–124.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shi Z, de Vries HJ, Vlaar APJ, van der Hoeven J, Boon RA, Heunks LMA, et al. Diaphragm pathology in critically ill patients with COVID-19 and postmortem findings from 3 medical centers. JAMA Intern Med 2021;181:122–124.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kelley RC, Ferreira LF. Diaphragm abnormalities in heart failure and aging: mechanisms and integration of cardiovascular and respiratory pathophysiology. Heart Fail Rev. 2017;22(2):191-207. doi:10.1007/s10741-016-9549-4.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kelley RC, Ferreira LF. Diaphragm abnormalities in heart failure and aging: mechanisms and integration of cardiovascular and respiratory pathophysiology. Heart Fail Rev. 2017;22(2):191-207. doi:10.1007/s10741-016-9549-4.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Халимов, Ю.Ш. Ожирение и COVID-19: инсайты двух пандемий / Ю.Ш. Халимов, П.В. Агафонов, Е.Б. Киереева // Журнал инфектологии. – 2022. Т. 14, № 2. – С. 27–38. – DOI: 10.22625/2072-6732-2022-14-2-5-13.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Khalimov Yu.Sh., Agafonov P.V., Kireeva E.B. Obesity and COVID-19: insights from two pandemics. J Infectologii. 2022;14(2): 27-38. DOI: 10.22625/2072-6732-2022-14-2-5-13 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Byun MK, Cho EN, Chang J, Ahn CM, Kim HJ. Sarcopenia correlates with systemic inflammation in COPD. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 2017;12:669-675https://doi.org/10.2147/ COPD.S130790.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Byun MK, Cho EN, Chang J, Ahn CM, Kim HJ. Sarcopenia correlates with systemic inflammation in COPD. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 2017;12:669-675https://doi.org/10.2147/ COPD.S130790.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Frat JP, Thille AW, Mercat A et al. High-flow oxygen through nasal cannula in acute hypoxemic respiratory failure. N Engl J Med 2015; 372:2185–2196. https ://doi.org/10.1056/ nejmo a1503 326</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Frat JP, Thille AW, Mercat A et al. High-flow oxygen through nasal cannula in acute hypoxemic respiratory failure. N Engl J Med 2015; 372:2185–2196. https ://doi.org/10.1056/ nejmo a1503 326</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lu X, Jiang L, Chen T, et al. Continuously available ratio of SpO2 /FiO2 serves as a noninvasive prognostic marker for intensive care patients with COVID-19.Respir Res. 2020;21(1):194. Published 2020 Jul 22. doi:10.1186/s12931-020-01455-4</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lu X, Jiang L, Chen T, et al. Continuously available ratio of SpO2 /FiO2 serves as a noninvasive prognostic marker for intensive care patients with COVID-19.Respir Res. 2020;21(1):194. Published 2020 Jul 22. doi:10.1186/s12931-020-01455-4</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gibson P.G., Qin L., Puah S.H. COVID-19 acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS): Clinical features and differences from typical pre-COVID-19 ARDS. Med. J. Aust. 2020;213:54– 56.e1. doi: 10.5694/mja2.50674.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gibson P.G., Qin L., Puah S.H. COVID-19 acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS): Clinical features and differences from typical pre-COVID-19 ARDS. Med. J. Aust. 2020;213:54– 56.e1. doi: 10.5694/mja2.50674.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gattinoni L., Chiumello D., Rossi S. COVID-19 pneumonia: ARDS or not? Crit. Care.2020;24:154. doi: 10.1186/s13054- 020-02880-z.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gattinoni L., Chiumello D., Rossi S. COVID-19 pneumonia: ARDS or not? Crit. Care.2020;24:154. doi: 10.1186/s13054- 020-02880-z.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Huang Y, Tan C, Wu J, et al. Impact of coronavirus disease 2019 on pulmonary function in early convalescence phase. Respir Res. 2020;21(1):163. Published 2020 Jun 29. doi:10.1186/s12931-020-01429-6</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Huang Y, Tan C, Wu J, et al. Impact of coronavirus disease 2019 on pulmonary function in early convalescence phase. Respir Res. 2020;21(1):163. Published 2020 Jun 29. doi:10.1186/s12931-020-01429-6</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rahman A, Tabassum T, Araf Y, Al Nahid A, Ullah MA, Hosen MJ. Silent hypoxia in COVID-19: pathomechanism and possible management strategy. Mol Biol Rep. 2021;48(4):3863- 3869. doi:10.1007/s11033-021-06358-1</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rahman A, Tabassum T, Araf Y, Al Nahid A, Ullah MA, Hosen MJ. Silent hypoxia in COVID-19: pathomechanism and possible management strategy. Mol Biol Rep. 2021;48(4):3863- 3869. doi:10.1007/s11033-021-06358-1</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Catoire P, Tellier E, de la Rivi re C, et al. Assessment of the SpO2 /FiO2 ratio as a tool for hypoxemia screening in the emergency department. Am J Emerg Med. 2021;44:116-120. doi:10.1016/j.ajem.2021.01.092</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Catoire P, Tellier E, de la Rivi re C, et al. Assessment of the SpO2 /FiO2 ratio as a tool for hypoxemia screening in the emergency department. Am J Emerg Med. 2021;44:116-120. doi:10.1016/j.ajem.2021.01.092</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Roozeman JP, Mazzinari G, Serpa Neto A, et al. Prognostication using SpO2 /FiO2 in invasively ventilated ICU patients with ARDS due to COVID-19 – Insights from the PRoVENTCOVID study. J Crit Care. 2022;68:31-37. doi:10.1016/j. jcrc.2021.11.009</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Roozeman JP, Mazzinari G, Serpa Neto A, et al. Prognostication using SpO2 /FiO2 in invasively ventilated ICU patients with ARDS due to COVID-19 – Insights from the PRoVENTCOVID study. J Crit Care. 2022;68:31-37. doi:10.1016/j. jcrc.2021.11.009</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rice T.W., Wheeler A.P., Bernard G.R., et al. Comparison of the SpO2/FIO2 ratio and the PaO2/FIO2 ratio in patients with acute lung injury or ARDS. Chest. 2007;132(2):410–417. doi: 10.1378/chest.07-0617</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rice T.W., Wheeler A.P., Bernard G.R., et al. Comparison of the SpO2/FIO2 ratio and the PaO2/FIO2 ratio in patients with acute lung injury or ARDS. Chest. 2007;132(2):410–417. doi: 10.1378/chest.07-0617</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ren S, Zupetic JA, Tabary M, et al. Machine learning based algorithms to impute PaO2 from SpO2 values and development of an online calculator. Sci Rep. 2022;12(1):8235. Published 2022 May 17. doi:10.1038/s41598-022-12419-7</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ren S, Zupetic JA, Tabary M, et al. Machine learning based algorithms to impute PaO2 from SpO2 values and development of an online calculator. Sci Rep. 2022;12(1):8235. Published 2022 May 17. doi:10.1038/s41598-022-12419-7</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Seymour CW, Liu VX, Iwashyna TJ, et al. .Assessment of clinical criteria for sepsis: for the Third International Consensus Definitions for Sepsis and Septic Shock (Sepsis-3). JAMA. 2016;315(8):762-774. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.0288</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Seymour CW, Liu VX, Iwashyna TJ, et al. .Assessment of clinical criteria for sepsis: for the Third International Consensus Definitions for Sepsis and Septic Shock (Sepsis-3). JAMA. 2016;315(8):762-774. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.0288</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chen WL, Lin WT, Kung SC, Lai CC, Chao CM. The value of oxygenation saturation index in predicting the outcomes of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. J Clin Med. 2018;7(8):205. doi:10.3390/jcm7080205</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chen WL, Lin WT, Kung SC, Lai CC, Chao CM. The value of oxygenation saturation index in predicting the outcomes of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. J Clin Med. 2018;7(8):205. doi:10.3390/jcm7080205</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Frat JP, Marie D, Thille AW. Acute respiratory failure: nonintubation assist methods for the acutely deteriorating patient.Curr Opin Crit Care. 2019;25(6):591-596. doi:10.1097/ MCC.0000000000000670</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Frat JP, Marie D, Thille AW. Acute respiratory failure: nonintubation assist methods for the acutely deteriorating patient.Curr Opin Crit Care. 2019;25(6):591-596. doi:10.1097/ MCC.0000000000000670</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Catoire P, Tellier E, de la Rivi re C, et al. Assessment of the SpO2 /FiO2 ratio as a tool for hypoxemia screening in the emergency department. Am J Emerg Med. 2021;44:116-120. doi:10.1016/j.ajem.2021.01.092</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Catoire P, Tellier E, de la Rivière C, et al. Assessment of the SpO2 /FiO2 ratio as a tool for hypoxemia screening in the emergency department. Am J Emerg Med. 2021;44:116-120. doi:10.1016/j.ajem.2021.01.092</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Torres-Castro R, Vasconcello-Castillo L, Alsina-Restoy X, et al. Respiratory function in patients post-infection by COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis [published online ahead of print, 2020 Nov 25 Pulmonology. 2020;doi:10.1016/j. pulmoe.2020.10.013</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Torres-Castro R, Vasconcello-Castillo L, Alsina-Restoy X, et al. Respiratory function in patients post-infection by COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis [published online ahead of print, 2020 Nov 25 Pulmonology. 2020;doi:10.1016/j. pulmoe.2020.10.013</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Terzi N, Lofaso F, Masson R, et al. Physiological predictors of respiratory and cough assistance needs after extubation. Ann Intensive Care. 2018;8(1):18. Published 2018 Feb 5. doi:10.1186/s13613-018-0360-3.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Terzi N, Lofaso F, Masson R, et al. Physiological predictors of respiratory and cough assistance needs after extubation. Ann Intensive Care. 2018;8(1):18. Published 2018 Feb 5. doi:10.1186/s13613-018-0360-3.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Scarpino M, Bonizzoli M, Lazzeri C, et al. Electrodiagnostic findings in patients with non-COVID-19- and COVID-19-related acute respiratory distress syndrome. Acta Neurol Scand. 2021;144(2):161-169. doi:10.1111/ane.13433.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Scarpino M, Bonizzoli M, Lazzeri C, et al. Electrodiagnostic findings in patients with non-COVID-19- and COVID19-related acute respiratory distress syndrome. Acta Neurol Scand. 2021;144(2):161-169. doi:10.1111/ane.13433.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
