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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">jofin</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Журнал инфектологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal Infectology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-6732</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IPO “АIDSSPbR"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22625/2072-6732-2022-14-2-87-95</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">jofin-1357</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Research</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Анализ смертности и риска наступления летального исхода у больных ВГС- и ВГС/ВИЧ-инфекцией с внепечёночными проявлениями</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Analysis of mortality and risk of death in HCV- and HCV/HIV-infected patients with extrahepatic manifestations</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дунаева</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dunaeva</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дунаева Наталья Викторовна – старший научный сотрудник лаборатории хронических вирусных инфекций Научно-исследовательского центра; к.м.н., доцент; тел.: +7-921-741-88-20</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Saint-Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nvch@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Улитина</surname><given-names>Ю. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ulitina</surname><given-names>Yu. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Улитина Юлия Ивановна – статистик отдела доклинических исследований; тел.: +7-951-679-37-29</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Saint-Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shevchik.u@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колпащикова</surname><given-names>Е. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolpashchikova</surname><given-names>E. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Колпащикова Елена Юрьевна – врач-инфекционист отделения хронических гепатитов; тел.: +7-906-251-09-63</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Saint-Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">polet_orla@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Романова</surname><given-names>С. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Romanova</surname><given-names>S. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Романова Светлана Юрьевна – заведующая отделением хронических гепатитов; тел. +7-921-919-82-57</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Saint-Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">romanova_su@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гусев</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gusev</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гусев Денис Александрович – главный врач; заведующий кафедрой инфекционных болезней Института медицинского образования; д.м.н., профессор; тел.: 8(812)710-31-13</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Saint-Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gusevden-70@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет им. академика И.П. Павлова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University named after academician I.P. Pavlov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт гриппа им. А.А. Смородинцева</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Institute of Influenza named after A.A. Smorodintsev</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Центр по профилактике и борьбе со СПИД и инфекционными заболеваниями</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Centers for AIDS and Other Infectious Diseases</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Клиническая инфекционная больница им. С.П. Боткина; Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр им. B.A. Алмaзoвa</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Clinical Infectious Diseases Hospital named after S.P. Botkin; National Medical Research Centre named after V.A. Almazov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>07</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>87</fpage><lpage>95</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Дунаева Н.В., Улитина Ю.И., Колпащикова Е.Ю., Романова С.Ю., Гусев Д.А., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Дунаева Н.В., Улитина Ю.И., Колпащикова Е.Ю., Романова С.Ю., Гусев Д.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Dunaeva N.V., Ulitina Y.I., Kolpashchikova E.Y., Romanova S.Y., Gusev D.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.niidi.ru/jofin/article/view/1357">https://journal.niidi.ru/jofin/article/view/1357</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: проанализировать смертность пациентов, инфицированных вирусом гепатита С и коинфицированных вирусом иммунодефицита человека с внепечёночными проявлениями, ассоциированными с криоглобулинемией, а также оценить зависимость риска наступления летального исхода от таких предикторов, как наличие ВИЧ-инфекции, цирротической трансформации печени, проведение противовирусной терапии, уровень криоглобулинов.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы: в проспективное исследование было включено 125 пациентов с вирусным гепатитом С (n=92) и ВГС/ВИЧ-инфекцией (n=33), у которых были выявлены внепечёночные проявления (артралгии и/или кожные геморрагические высыпания и/или полиневропатия и/или синдром Рейно и/или ксерофтальмия и/или хроническая болезнь почек), а также выявлены криоглобулины.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты: в период наблюдения в интервале от 1 до 170 месяцев (медиана 57 мес.) умерло 19 из 125 больных (15% (95% ДИ 10–23%)), среди которых 12 человек не получали противовирусную терапию ВГС-инфекции в период наблюдения и 7 больным была проведена противовирусная терапия в период наблюдения. Нескорректированная смертность среди пациентов, получавших противовирусную терапию, составила 9% (95% ДИ 5–18%) (n=7/77), не получавших – 25% (95% ДИ 15–39%) (n=12/48), χ2=5,806, р=0,016. Регрессионный анализ Кокса показал, что увеличение риска летального исхода связано с наличием цирротической трансформации печени в 5,3 раза и отсутствием противовирусной терапии в 3,7 раза. Основными причинами смерти в 69% случаев были не ассоциированные с патологией печени причины, в 26% – осложнения цирроза печени (кровотечение или прогрессирующая энцефалопатия), в одном случае (5%) причина смерти осталась неизвестной.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы: смертность среди больных ВГС или ВГС/ ВИЧ-инфекцией, осложненной развитием внепеченочных проявлений, ассоциированных с криоглобулинемией, в отсутствие противовирусной терапии выше, чем в случае проведения противовирусной терапии. Цирротическая трансформация печени и отсутствие противовирусной терапии значимо влияют на риск наступления летального исхода. Пациенты с внепеченочными проявлениями умирают в основном от не ассоциированных с патологией печени причин.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of the study was to analyze the mortality of patients infected with the hepatitis C virus (HCV) and co-infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) with extrahepatic manifestations associated with cryoglobulinemia, and to assess the dependence of the risk of fatal outcome on such predictors as the presence of HIV infection, the presence of cirrhotic liver transformation, antiviral therapy (AVT) of chronic hepatitis C, cryoglobulin levels.</p><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods. The prospective study included 125 patients with HCV (n=92) and HCV/HIV infection (n=33) who had extrahepatic manifestations (arthralgia and/or skin hemorrhagic rashes and/or polyneuropathy and/or or Raynaud’s syndrome and/or xerophthalmia and/ or chronic kidney disease), as well as cryoglobulins.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. 19 out of 125 patients (15% (95% CI 10-23%)) died in the follow-up period from 1 to 170 months (median 57 months), among which 12 people did not receive AVT for HCV infection during the follow-up period and 7 patients underwent AVT during the observation period. Unadjusted mortality among patients treated with AVT was 9% (95% CI 5–18%) (n=7/77), those who did not receive it was 25% (95% CI 15–39%) (n=12/48), χ2=5,806, p=0,016. Cox regression analysis showed that an increase in the risk of death is associated with the presence of cirrhotic liver transformation by 5,3 times and the absence of AVT by 3,7 times. The main causes of death in 69% of cases were causes not associated with liver pathology, in 26% were complications of liver cirrhosis (bleeding or progressive encephalopathy), in one case (5%) the cause of death remained unknown.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. Мortality among patients with HCV or HCV/HIV infection complicated by the development of extrahepatic manifestations associated with cryoglobulinemia is higher in the absence of AVT than in the case of AVT. Cirrhotic liver transformation and the absence of AVT significantly affect the risk of death. Patients with extrahepatic manifestations die mainly from causes not associated with liver pathology.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>криоглобулинемия</kwd><kwd>внепеченочные проявления</kwd><kwd>вирус гепатита С</kwd><kwd>вирус иммунодефицита человека</kwd><kwd>противовирусная терапия</kwd><kwd>смертность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cryoglobulinemia</kwd><kwd>extrahepatic manifestations</kwd><kwd>hepatitis C virus</kwd><kwd>human immunodeficiency virus</kwd><kwd>antiviral therapy</kwd><kwd>mortality</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cacoub, P. Extrahepatic manifestations of chronic hepatitis C. MULTIVIRC Group. Multidepartment Virus C / P. Cacoub, T. Poynard, P. Ghillani [et al.] // Arthritis Rheum. 1999. – Vol. 42, N 10. – P. 2204-12.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cacoub, P. 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