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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">jofin</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Журнал инфектологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal Infectology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-6732</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IPO “АIDSSPbR"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22625/2072-6732-2022-14-1-131-139</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">jofin-1318</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальное исследование</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Research</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Чувствительность к антибиотикам сальмонелл-доминирующих сероваров, выделенных в Северо-Западном федеральном округе РФ в 2004–2018 гг. из различных источников</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Antimicrobial susceptibility of dominant Salmonella serovars, isolated in North-West federal district in 2004–2018 from different sourses</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Забровская</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zabrovskaia</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Забровская Анна Владленовна – доцент кафедры паразитологии им. В.Л. Якимова, д.вет.н. </p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Saint-Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">beringa20@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Егорова</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Egorova</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Егорова Светлана Александровна – старший научный сотрудник, д.м.н. </p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Saint-Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">egorova72@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Антипова</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Antipova</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Антипова Наталия Алексеевна – заведующая лабораторией </p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Saint-Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lmvl.bak@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смирнова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Smirnova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Смирнова Елена Викторовна – заведующая бактериологической лабораторией </p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Saint-Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vf@78cge.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семченкова</surname><given-names>Л. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Semchenkova</surname><given-names>L. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Семченкова Людмила Ивановна – врач-бактериолог </p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Saint-Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vf@78cge.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Быстрая</surname><given-names>Т. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bystraya</surname><given-names>T. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Быстрая Татьяна Евгеньевна – врач-бактериолог </p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Saint-Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vf@78cge.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сокольник</surname><given-names>С. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sokolnik</surname><given-names>S. Е.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сокольник Светлана Евгеньевна – заведующая бактериологической лабораторией </p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Saint-Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">S.sokolnik@78cge.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Уткина</surname><given-names>Н. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Utkina</surname><given-names>N. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Уткина Надежда Петровна – врач-бактериолог </p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Saint-Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">S.sokolnik@78cge.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сихандо</surname><given-names>Л. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sikhando</surname><given-names>L. Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сихандо Людмила Юрьевна – врач-бактериолог </p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Saint-Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">S.sokolnik@78cge.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сатосова</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Satosova</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сатосова Надежда Викторовна – ассистент кафедры эпидемиологии, дезинфектологиии и паразитологии, к.м.н. </p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Saint-Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">satosovanv@mc21.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет ветеринарной медицины</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint-Petersburg State University of Veterinary Medicine</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский научно-исследовательский институт эпидемиологии и микробиологии им. Пастера</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint-Petersburg Science Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology named after Pasteur</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Ленинградская межобластная ветеринарная лаборатория</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Leningrad Interregional Veterinary Laboratory</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Центр гигиены и эпидемиологии в городе Санкт-Петербург, филиал № 3</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in Saint-Petersburg, division № 3</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Центр гигиены и эпидемиологии в городе Санкт-Петербург, филиал № 6</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in Saint-Petersburg, division № 6</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-6"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет им. И.И. Мечникова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>04</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>131</fpage><lpage>139</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Забровская А.В., Егорова С.А., Антипова Н.А., Смирнова Е.В., Семченкова Л.И., Быстрая Т.Е., Сокольник С.Е., Уткина Н.П., Сихандо Л.Ю., Сатосова Н.В., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Забровская А.В., Егорова С.А., Антипова Н.А., Смирнова Е.В., Семченкова Л.И., Быстрая Т.Е., Сокольник С.Е., Уткина Н.П., Сихандо Л.Ю., Сатосова Н.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zabrovskaia A.V., Egorova S.A., Antipova N.A., Smirnova E.V., Semchenkova L.I., Bystraya T.E., Sokolnik S.Е., Utkina N.P., Sikhando L.Y., Satosova N.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.niidi.ru/jofin/article/view/1318">https://journal.niidi.ru/jofin/article/view/1318</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: сравнительный анализ устойчивости к антимикробным препаратам штаммов Salmonella сероваров S. Enteritidis, S. Infantis, S. Typhimurium, выделенных от людей, продуктивных животных, продукции животноводства.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Исследовано 898 штаммов Salmonella, выделенных от людей (673), продуктивных животных (132), продуктов питания животного происхождения (93). Чувствительность к антибиотикам определяли согласно рекомендациям EUCAST. Поиск генов, кодирующих продукцию бета-лактамаз, проводили методом ПЦР. Характер мутаций в QRDR-регионе гена gyrA установили путем амплификации и прямого секвенирования внутреннего фрагмента гена.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Устойчивость к антибиотикам выявлена у 69,9% штаммов, выделенных от людей, 78,5% – из пищевых продуктов, и 88,6% ‒ от сельскохозяйственных животных. 68,7% штаммов S. Enteritidis, выделенных от людей, 61,4% ‒ из продуктов питания и 21,1%, выделенных от животных было резистентно к хинолонам. Доля штаммов S.Typhimurium с MDR-фенотипом составляла от 21,6% до 88,2% в зависимости от источника выделения. Из штаммов S. Infantis устойчивыми к АМП были 89,3% штаммов, выделенных от людей, 94,5% – от животных и 97,8% – из пищевых продуктов, множественной устойчивостью обладали 67,9% штаммов, выделенных от людей, 80,0% – из пищевых продуктов и 89,0% – от животных. Выявлена продукция бета-лактамаз генетических групп ТЕМ-1, СТХ-М1, СТХ-М2, CMY-2. Устойчивость к хинолонам обусловлена хромосомным механизмом: выявлены однонуклеотидные замены в гене gyrA: Asp87Tyr, Ser83Phe, Asp87Asn, Ser83Tyr, Asp87Gly.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Чувствительность к антибиотикам у штаммов доминирующих сероваров имела специфические особенности. Штаммы, выделенные от животных, имели выраженные отличия от штаммов, выделенных от людей и из продуктов питания. Устойчивость к хинолонам и бета-лактамам у Salmonella, вне зависимости от источника выделения и серовара, была обусловлена универсальными для энтеробактерий молекулярными механизмами.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: Comparative analysis of antimicrobial resistance of S. Enteritidis, S. Infantis, and S. Typhimurium isolated from humans, farm animals, and animal products.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. 898 Salmonella strains isolated from humans (673), farm animals (132), and animal products (93) were studied. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined according to the EUCAST recommendations. The detection of beta-lactamase genes was performed by PCR. The mutations in the QRDR region of the gyrA gene were determined by amplification and direct sequencing of the internal fragment of the gene.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Antimicrobial resistance in 69,9% of strains isolated from humans, 78,5% – from food, and 88,6% – from farm animals was detected. 68,7% of S. Enteritidis strains isolated from humans, 61,4% from food, and 21,1% isolated from animals were resistant to quinolones. The proportion of MDR S. Typhimurium strains ranged from 21,6% to 88,2%, depending on the source of isolation. From the S. Infantis strains 89,3% of strains isolated from humans, 94,5% – from animals and 97,8% – from food were resistant to antimicrobials, 67,9% of strains isolated from humans, 80,0% – from food and 89,0% ‒ from animals were MDR. The production of beta-lactamases TEM-1, CTX-M1, CTX-M2, and CMY-2 was detected. Resistance to quinolones was determined by a chromosomal mechanism: single-nucleotide substitutions in the gyrA gene were identified: Asp87Tyr, Ser83Phe, Asp87Asn, Ser83Tyr.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Antimicrobial susceptibility in Salmonella of dominant serovars had specific traits. Strains isolated from animals differed significantly from strains from humans and animal products. Resistance to quinolones and beta-lactams in Salmonella, regardless of the source of isolation and serovar, was due to molecular mechanisms universal for Enterobacteriacae.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>резистентность к антимикробным препаратам</kwd><kwd>Salmonella</kwd><kwd>продукция животноводства</kwd><kwd>сельскохозяйственные животные</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>antimicrobial resistance</kwd><kwd>Salmonella</kwd><kwd>animal products</kwd><kwd>farm animals</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">The European Union summary report on trends and sources of zoonoses, zoonotic agents and food-borne outbreaks 1n 2015/EFSA Journal. – 2016. – Vol.14(2). – P.4634 doi: 10.2903/j.efsa.2016.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">The European Union summary report on trends and sources of zoonoses, zoonotic agents and food-borne outbreaks 1n 2015/EFSA Journal. – 2016. – Vol.14(2). – P.4634 doi: 10.2903/j.efsa.2016.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">EFSA (Euripean Food Safety Authority) and ECDC (European Centre of Disease Prevention and Control) The European Union summary report on antimicrobial resistance in zoonotic and indicator bacteria from humans, animals and food in 2015//EFSA Journal. – 2017. – Vol.15. – №2. – P.4964 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2017.4694.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">EFSA (Euripean Food Safety Authority) and ECDC (European Centre of Disease Prevention and Control) The European Union summary report on antimicrobial resistance in zoonotic and indicator bacteria from humans, animals and food in 2015//EFSA Journal. – 2017. – Vol.15. – №2. – P.4964 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2017.4694.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">О состоянии санитарно-эпидемиологического благополучия населения в Российской Федерации в 2018 году: Государственный доклад [Электронный ресурс]. – М.: Федеральная служба по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека. – 2019. – 254с. – Режим доступа: https://rospotrebnadzor.ru/upload/iblock/798/gosudarstvennyy-doklad-o-sostoyaniisanitarno_epidemiologicheskogo-blagopoluchiya-naseleniyav-rossiyskoy-federatsii-v-2018-godu.pdf</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">O sostoyanii sanitarno-epidemiologicheskogo blagopoluchiya naseleniya v Rossijskoj Federacii v 2018 godu: Gosudarstvennyj doklad [Elektronnyj resurs]. – Moskva: Federal’naya sluzhba po nadzoru v sfere zashchity prav potrebitelej i blagopoluchiya cheloveka. – 2019. – 254s. – Rezhim dostupa: https://rospotrebnadzor.ru/ upload/iblock/798/gosudarstvennyy-doklad-o-sostoyanii-sanitarno_epidemiologicheskogo-blagopoluchiya-naseleniya-v-rossiyskoy-federatsii-v-2018-godu.pdf</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Куземцева, С.В. 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