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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">jofin</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Журнал инфектологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal Infectology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-6732</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IPO “АIDSSPbR"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22625/2072-6732-2021-13-2-29-37</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">jofin-1202</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Review</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Хронические вирусные гепатиты B и D у беременных: распространенност ь, течение и исходы (обзор литературы)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Chronic viral hepatitis B and D in pregnant women: course and outcomes (review)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ахмедова</surname><given-names>М. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Akhmedova</surname><given-names>M. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>профессор кафедры инфекционных и детских инфекционных болезней, д.м.н.,</p><p>Ташкент</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tashkent</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tmainfection@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ташпулатова</surname><given-names>Ш. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tashpulatova</surname><given-names>Sh. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доцент кафедры инфекционных и детских инфекционных болезней, к.м.н.,</p><p>Ташкент</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tashkent</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tashpulatova.shaknoza@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ихтиярова</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ikhtiyarova</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>заведующая кафедрой акушерства и гинекологии, д.м.н.,</p><p>Бухара</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bukhara</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ixtiyarova7272@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каримова</surname><given-names>М. Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karimova</surname><given-names>M. T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доцент кафедры инфекционных и детских инфекционных болезней, к.м.н.,</p><p>Ташкент</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tashkent</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tmainfection@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Ташкентская медицинская академия</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Tashkent Medical Academy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Бухарский медицинский институт</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Bukhara Medical Institute</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>07</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>29</fpage><lpage>37</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ахмедова М.Д., Ташпулатова Ш.А., Ихтиярова Г.А., Каримова М.Т., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ахмедова М.Д., Ташпулатова Ш.А., Ихтиярова Г.А., Каримова М.Т.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Akhmedova M.D., Tashpulatova S.A., Ikhtiyarova G.A., Karimova M.T.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.niidi.ru/jofin/article/view/1202">https://journal.niidi.ru/jofin/article/view/1202</self-uri><abstract><p>Гепатит В наиболее распространен среди лиц молодого возраста, что объясняется путями заражения – парентеральным, половым и вертикальным. В районах, где вирусный гепатит В (HBV) является эндемичным заболеванием, передача инфекции от матери ребенку является основным путем заражения детей.</p><p>Имеющиеся современные данные по течению и исходам хронического вирусного гепатита В у беременных противоречивы. Некоторые авторы утверждают, что обострение хронического гепатита В у беременных чаще происходит в первом и в третьем триместрах, а с увеличением срока гестации отмечается ухудшение функции печени и растёт риск развития фульминантной печеночной недостаточности. Другие исследователи наблюдали более тяжелое течение во второй половине беременности или в первые месяцы после родов.</p><p>При выраженной репликации вируса повышается частота возникновения гестационного сахарного диабета, нарушений гемостаза, угрозы прерывания беременности, гестозов, фетоплацентарной недостаточности, и это приводит к повышению риска развития кровотечений в родах, преждевременных родов, несвоевременного отхождения околоплодных вод, рождения недоношенных детей.</p><p>При неонатальном гепатите дети становятся хроническими носителями HВsAg. Эти данные свидетельствуют о том, что трансплацентарная инфекция до рождения может быть механизмом, способствующим более высоким показателям неудачной профилактики у новорожденных, родившихся у женщин с высокой вирусной нагрузкой.</p><p>В доступных источниках мы не смогли найти данных об особенностях течения и исходов вирусного гепатита D у беременных. В то же время известно, что микстинфекция протекает тяжелее. Полиморфизм генов, связанных с регуляцией состояния сосудистой стенки, может оказывать существенное влияние на течение инфекции. Широкая распространенность инфекции гепатита D в разных частях мира указывает на необходимость всестороннего изучения этого заболевания с последующей разработкой специальных программ по профилактике, ранней диагностике и лечению гепатитов B и D у беременных женщин. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Hepatitis B is most common among young people, which is explained by the ways of infection – parenteral, sexual and vertical. Mother-to-child transmission is the main route of infection for children in areas where the hepatitis B virus (HBV) is endemic.</p><p>The available current data on the course and outcomes of chronic viral hepatitis B are contradictory in pregnant women. Some authors argue that the exacerbation of chronic hepatitis B is more common in the first and third trimesters in pregnant women, and with an increase in gestation, there is a deterioration in liver function and an increased risk of fulminant liver failure. Other researchers note a more severe course in the second half of pregnancy or in the first months after delivery.</p><p>High replication of the virus increases the frequency of gestational diabetes mellitus, hemostatic disorders, the threat of termination of pregnancy, gestosis, fetoplacental insufficiency, risk of bleeding in childbirth, premature birth, untimely discharge of amniotic fluid, and the birth of premature babies.</p><p>Children become chronic carriers of HBsAd in neonatal hepatitis. These findings suggest that transplacental infection before birth may be a mechanism contributing to higher rates of failed prevention in newborns born to women with a high viral load.</p><p>We could not find data on the features of the course and outcomes of viral hepatitis D in pregnant women in the available sources,. At the same time, it is known that mixed infection is more severe.</p><p>Polymorphisms of genes associated with the regulation of the state of the vascular wall can have a significant impact on the course of infection.</p><p>The high prevalence of hepatitis D infection in different parts of the world indicates the need for a comprehensive study of this disease, followed by the development of special programs for the prevention, early diagnosis and treatment of hepatitis B and D in pregnant women. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>хронический вирусный гепатит В</kwd><kwd>вирусный гепатит D</kwd><kwd>беременность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>chronic viral hepatitis B</kwd><kwd>viral hepatitis D</kwd><kwd>pregnant women</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yim SY, Kim JH. 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