jofinЖурнал инфектологииJournal Infectology2072-6732IPO “АIDSSPbR"10.22625/2072-6732-2020-12-4-5-18jofin-1096Research ArticleОбзорыReviewЗаболевания легких при ВИЧ-инфекции (обЗор литературы)Respiratory diseases in HIV-infected patients (review)ВиктороваИ. Б.ViktorovaI. B.

доцент кафедры фтизиопульмонологии, к.м.н.,

Новокузнецк

Novokuznetsk

irinaviktoroff@mail.ruЗиминаВ. Н.ZiminaV. N.

профессор кафедры инфекционных болезней с курсами эпидемиологии и фтизиатрии медицинского института, д.м.н.,

Москва 

Moscow

vera-zim@yandex.ruДегтяреваС. Ю.DegtyarevaS. Yu.

ассистент кафедры инфекционных болезней с курсами эпидемиологии и фтизиатрии медицинского института,

Москва 

Moscow

degtyareva_svet@mail.ruКравченкоА. В.KravtchenkoA. V.

ведущий научный сотрудник СНИО ЭП СПИД, д.м.н., профессор,

Москва 

Moscow

kravtchenko@hivrussia.netНовокузнецкий государственный институт усовершенствования врачей – филиал Российской медицинской академии непрерывного профессионального образованияРоссияNovokuznetsk state Institute for Further Training of Physicians – Branch Campus of Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional EducationRussian FederationРоссийский университет дружбы народовРоссияPeoples’ Friendship University of RussiaRussian FederationЦентральный научно-исследовательский институт эпидемиологииРоссияСentral Research Institute of EpidemiologyRussian Federation202014102020124518Copyright © Викторова И.Б., Зимина В.Н., Дегтярева С.Ю., Кравченко А.В., 20202020Викторова И.Б., Зимина В.Н., Дегтярева С.Ю., Кравченко А.В.Viktorova I.B., Zimina V.N., Degtyareva S.Y., Kravtchenko A.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://journal.niidi.ru/jofin/article/view/1096

В обзоре представлены сведения по эпидемиологии, клинико-лабораторным и рентгенологическим проявлениям инфекционных и опухолевых заболеваний органов дыхания у больных ВИЧ-инфекцией.

Приведены данные по наиболее распространенным инфекционным (пневмония, туберкулез и пневмоцистоз) и опухолевым заболеваниям (саркома Капоши, лимфомы), а также по реже встречающимся нозологиям (ЦМВ-инфекция, МАС-инфекция, системные микозы), обобщены данные по частоте развития различных поражений легких в зависимости от степени ВИЧассоциированной иммуносупрессии. В обзоре представлены современные сведения по критериям диагностики различных вторичных болезней легких, схемам терапии и вторичной профилактики. Отдельно освещены особенности назначения АРТ при различных легочных поражениях, в том числе на этапе их дифференциальной диагностики.

Рост количества больных ВИЧ-инфекцией и обширный спектр возможной у них легочной патологии обосновывает для врачей различных специальностей (терапевтов, пульмонологов и фтизиатров) необходимость оптимизации лечебно-диагностической тактики в отношении этой категории пациентов. 

The review presents information on epidemiology, clinical, laboratory and radiological manifestations of infectious and malignant respiratory diseases in HIV-infected patients.

The data on the most common infections (communityacquired pneumonia, tuberculosis, Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia) and malignant diseases (Kaposhi’s sarcoma, lymphomas) as well as less frequent diseases (CMV-infection, MAC-infection, fungal pneumonias) are presented.

The article contains facts about the incidence of pulmonary diseases according to the severity of HIV-associated immunodeficiency. This review also presents current information on the diagnostic criteria, treatment regimens and secondary prophylaxis for HIV-associated respiratory infections and malignancies. The specialties of ART initiation in definite cases of opportunistic infections and ART assignment during the diagnostic period are highlighted.

The growing number of HIV-infected patients and the wide spectrum of possible pulmonary diseases argue the need for optimal clinical approach to HIV-infected patients with respiratory lesions for various physicians (general practitioners, pulmonologists and phthisiatricians). 

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.