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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">jofin</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Журнал инфектологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal Infectology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-6732</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IPO “АIDSSPbR"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22625/2072-6732-2020-12-2-119-124</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">jofin-1056</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Research</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Предвестники неэффективности терапии микобактериоза у пациентов с Вич-инфекцией</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Precursors of the treatment failure of mycobacteriosis in patients with HIV</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савченко</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Savchenko</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-инфекционист</p><p>тел.: 8(812)409-85-56Санкт-Петербург </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">inf.ma.savchenko@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Клиническая инфекционная больница имени С.П. Боткина</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Clinical Infectious Diseases Hospital named after S.P. Botkin</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>06</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>119</fpage><lpage>124</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Савченко М.А., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Савченко М.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Savchenko M.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.niidi.ru/jofin/article/view/1056">https://journal.niidi.ru/jofin/article/view/1056</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Оценить динамику клинико-лабораторных показателей, исходы заболевания на фоне различных схем лечения. Выявить основные маркеры неблагоприятного исхода или затяжного течения болезни.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В исследование включено 70 пациентов с ВИЧ-инфекцией и микобактериозом, которые получали комплексную терапию (антиретровирусные и  специфические антибактериальные препараты). В зависимости от исхода заболевания выделено две группы: клиническое излечение (n = 38) и летальный исход (n = 32). Проанализированы клинические проявления патологии, лабораторные показатели на разных этапах лечения, схемы и сроки проводимой терапии в сравниваемых группах. Проведен статистический анализ, эффективность терапии оценена при помощи метода Каплан – Майер, за основу взята используемая макролидная база антибактериальной терапии.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Было выявлено, что все пациенты, у которых был зафиксирован неблагоприятный исход, имели генерализованную форму процесса. Пациенты, у которых МАК-инфекция развивалась в рамках синдрома восстановления иммунитета по типу  разоблачения, были прогностически более благополучны (p &lt;0,05). В группе клинического излечения зарегистрирован достоверно более высокий уровень CD4-лимфоцитов до лечения (33,3 ± 7,1 против 9,9 ± 3,2 кл/мкл, p &lt;0,05). Значимая разница уровня CD4 сохранялась и после месяца комплексной терапии (79,0 ± 13,4 против 32,2 ± 9,1, p &lt;0,05). Помимо более высоких показателей иммунограммы, первая группа также характеризовалась более  высоким уровнем гемоглобина после месяца лечения (108,3 ± 3,2 г/л против 76,7 ± 5,2 г/л, p &lt;0,05). Регресс явлений интоксикации и лихорадки наблюдался раньше в группе  излечения. При изучении использованной макролидной основы терапии микобактериоза получено, что срок выживаемости был достоверно выше среди пациентов, которые получали кларитромицин в первой линии (Каплан – Майер, p &lt;0,05 Breslow, Tarone – Ware). По данным данной выборки введение в схему лечения аминогликозидов не вносило значимых изменений в сроки и прогноз лечения.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Длительное сохранение симптоматики болезни, сохраняющиеся глубокий иммунодефицит и анемия средней или тяжелой степени ассоциированы с неблагоприятным исходом. По результатам данной выборки кларитромицин следует считать препаратом выбора в качестве основы терапии микобактериоза при ВИЧ-инфекции.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Purpose</title><p>Purpose. Analyze the dynamics of clinical and laboratory parameters, the outcomes of the disease on various treatment regimens. To identify the main markers of unfavorable outcome or protracted course of the disease.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The study included 70 patients with HIV and mycobacteriosis who received complex therapy (antiretroviral and specific antibacterial drugs). Depending on the outcome of the disease, two groups were distinguished: clinical cure (n = 38) and lethal outcome (n = 32). The clinical manifestations of pathology, laboratory indicators at different stages of treatment, the scheme and terms of the therapy being carried out were analyzed on the basis of data from medical histories and ambulatory patient records.A statistical analysis was performed, the efficacy of therapy was evaluated using the Kaplan-Meier method, the macrolide in the first line of antibacterial therapy used was taken as the basis.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. All patients who died developed a disseminated form of the process. In cases when MAI developed within the unmasking immune restoration syndrome patients were prognostically more favorable (p &lt;0,05). In the clinical cure group, a significantly higher level of CD4 lymphocytes was recorded before treatment (33,3 ± 7,1 versus 9,9 ± 3,2 cells / μl, p &lt;0,05). A significant difference in the level of CD4 persisted after a month of complex therapy (79,0 ± 13,4 versus 32,2 ± 9,1, p &lt;0.05). In addition to higher immunity values, the first group also had a higher hemoglobin level after a month of treatment (108,3 ± 3,2 g / l versus 76,7 ± 5,2 g / l, p &lt;0,05). The regression of intoxication and fever was observed earlier in the cure group. When studying the used macrolide basis for the treatment of mycobacteriosis, it was found that survival term was significantly higher among patients who received clarithromycin in the first line (Kaplan – Meier, p &lt;0,05 Breslow, Tarone-Ware). According to this sample, the introduction of aminoglycoside to the treatment regimen did not make significant changes in the timing and prognosis of treatment.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Prolonged persistence of the symptoms of the disease, persisting deep immunodeficiency and anemia of moderate or severe degree are associated with an unfavorable outcome. According to this sample, clarithromycin should be considered the drug of choice for the treatment of mycobacteriosis in HIV.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>терапия микобактериоза</kwd><kwd>ВИЧ-инфекция</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>mycobacteriosis therapy</kwd><kwd>HIV</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zweijpfenning S.M.H., van Ingen J., Hoefsloot W. 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